ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
بررسی خصوصیات رشدی چند گونه شبدر (Trifolium spp.) تحت تأثیر تنش یخزدگی در شرایط کنترلشده
بهمنظور بررسی تحمل به تنش یخزدگی و ویژگیهای رشدی چند گونه شبدر (Trifolium spp.) پس از اعمال تنش مذکور در شرایط کنترلشده، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 92-1391 در دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد بهصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار اجرا شد. عوامل آزمایش شامل تاریخ کاشت (28 شهریور و 27 مهر)، گونههای شبدر (قرمز T. pratense، سفید T. repense، ایرانی T. Resupinatum(گونههای پاییزه) و شبدر لاکی T. Incarnatum(گونه بهاره)) و دماهای یخزدگی (صفر (شاهد)، 3-، 6-، 9-، 12-، 15-، 18- و 21- درجه سانتیگراد) بودند. در پایان دوره بازیافت درصد بقاء، دمای کشنده 50 درصد گیاهان بر اساس درصد بقاء (LT50su)، سطح برگ و دمای کاهنده 50 درصد سطح برگ (RLAT50)، وزن خشک و دمای کاهنده 50 درصد وزن خشک (RDMT50) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که با کاهش دما از صفر به 15- درجه سانتیگراد در تاریخ کاشت 28 شهریور، گونه قرمز و ایرانی از درصد بقاء بالاتری برخوردار بودند. همچنین این گونهها در تاریخ کاشت 28 شهریور LT50su کمتری داشتند در صورتیکه در تاریخ کاشت 27 مهر گونه لاکی LT50su کمتری داشت و شبدر سفید از نظر صفت مذکور، در هر دو تاریخ کاشت تقریباً مشابه بود. برهمکنش تاریخ کاشت، گونه و دماهای یخزدگی بر سطح برگ و وزن خشک بوته در پایان دوره بازیافت معنیدار بود. در تاریخ کاشت 28 شهریور شبدر ایرانی در دمای 18- درجه سانتیگراد نسبت به دمای صفر درجه سانتیگراد کمترین کاهش سطح برگ را داشت و در تاریخ کاشت 27 مهر نیز برخلاف سایر گونهها در دمای 15- درجه سانتیگراد نسبت به تیمار شاهد سطح برگ آن افزایش داشت. در کاشت 28 شهریور در دمای 18- درجه سانتیگراد گونههای قرمز و ایرانی درصد بقاء بالاتری نسبت به گونههای سفید و لاکی داشتند. دو گونه شبدر ایرانی و سفید در هر دو تاریخ کاشت 28 شهریور و 27 مهر، بهترتیب کمترین و بیشترین RDMT50 را داشتند.
https://jcesc.um.ac.ir/article_38276_21362c6112474b7a2d4a714f73f0b0b1.pdf
2021-03-21
1
15
10.22067/jcesc.2020.38276
بقاء
تاریخ کاشت
خوسرمایی
دوره بازیافت
سطح برگ
اقلیما
حضرتی
hazrati@yahoo.com
1
گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
AUTHOR
احمد
نظامی
nezami@um.ac.ir
2
گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
LEAD_AUTHOR
حمیدرضا
خزاعی
khazaie41@yahoo.com
3
گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
AUTHOR
مهدی
پارسا
parsa@um.ac.ir
4
گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
AUTHOR
الهه
برومند رضازاده
e_1095@yahoo.com
5
گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
AUTHOR
Anderson, J. A., and Taliaferro, C. M. 1995. Laboratory freeze tolerance of field grown forage Bermuda grass cultivars. Agronomy Journal87: 1017-1020.
1
Azizi, H., Nezami, A., Nassiri Mahallati, M., and Khazaie, H. 2007. Evaluation of cold tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars under controlled conditions. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research 5 (1): 107-120. (in Persian with English abstract).
2
Bridger, G. M., Falk, D. E., Mckersie, B. D., and Smith, D. L. 1996. Crown freezing tolerance and field winter survival of winter cereals in eastern Canada. Crop Science 36: 150-157.
3
Cardona, C. A., Duncan, R. R., and Lindstrom, O. 1997. Low temperature tolerance assessment in paspalum. Crop Science 37: 1283-1291.
4
Chabok, Kh., and Espahbodi, K. 2011. Seeding dates effects on seed and forage production of Berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) in Mazandaran. Agronomy Journal (Pajouhesh & Sazandegi). No: 93. pp: 1-7. (in Persian with English abstract).
5
Gusta, L. V., O’Connor, B. J., Gao, Y. P., and Jana, S. 2001. A re-evaluation of controlled freeze-tests and controlled environment hardening conditions to estimate the winter survival potential of hardy winter wheat. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 80: 241-246.
6
Henkeby, M., Antolin, M. C., and Sanchez-Diaz, M. 2006. Frost resistance and biochemical changes during cold acclimation in different annual legumes. Environmental and Experimental Botany 55: 305-314.
7
Huner, N. P. A, Bode, R., and Dahal, K. 2013. Shedding some light on cold acclimation, cold adaptation, and phenotypic plasticity. Botany 91 (3): 127-136.
8
Jeffrey, A. A., and Charles, M. T. 1995. Laboratory freeze tolerance of field-grown forage Bermuda grass cultivars. Agronomy Journal 87: 1017-1020.
9
Lindow, S. E., Arny, D. C., and Upper, C. D. 1982. Bacterial ice nucleation: A factor in frost injury to plants. Plant Physiology 70: 1084-1089.
10
Mirmohammadi Maibodi, A. M., and Tarkesh Esfahani, S. 2004. Physiological and Breeding Aspects of Cold and Freezing Stress in Crops. Golbon Press. 223 pp. (in Persian).
11
Murray, G. A., Eser, D., Gusta, L. V., and Eteve, G. 1988. Winter hardiness in pea, lentil, faba bean and chickpea. p. 831-843. In the R.J. Summerfield (Ed.) World crops: cool season food legumes. Kluwer Academic Publishers A. the Netherlands.
12
Nezami, A., Bagheri, A., Rahimian, H., Kafi, M., and Nassiri Mahallati, M. 2007. Evaluation of Freezing Tolerance of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotypes under Controlled Conditions. Journal of Water and Soil Sciences 10 (4): 257-269. (in Persian with English abstract).
13
Nezami, A., Hajmohammadnia Ghalibaf, K., and Kamandi, A. 2010a. Evaluation of freezing tolerance of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) cultivars under controlled conditions. Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences 3 (2): 177-187. (in Persian with English abstract).
14
Nezami, A., Soleimani, M. R., Ziaee, M., Ghodsi, M., and Bannayan Aval, M. 2010b. Evaluation of freezing tolerance of hexaploid triticale genotypes under controlled conditions. Notulae Scientia Biologicae 2: 114-120.
15
Ouellet, F., and Charron, J. B. 2013. Cold Acclimation and Freezing Tolerance in Plants. In: eLS. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd: Chichester. DOI: 10.1002/9780470015902.a0020093. pub2
16
Rife, C. L., and Zeinali, H. 2003. Cold tolerance in oilseed rape over varying acclimation durations. Crop Science 43: 96-100.
17
Swensen, J. B. 1980. Development of freezing tolerance and changes in tissue moisture during hardening of Pisumsativum L. and Pisumsativum subsp. Arvense L. MSc thesis, University of Idaho, USA.
18
Thomashow, M. F. 2001. So what’s new in the field of plant cold acclimation? Lots! Plant Physiology. 125: 89-93.
19
Zamanian, M., and Asadi, H. 2004. Effects of seed rate, planting date and planting method on morphological traits and forage yield of Persian clover. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences 7 (3): 241-251. (in Persian with English abstract).
20
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
تأثیر کودهای آلی، زیستی و شیمیایی بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و درصد روغن خرفه (Portulaca oleracea L.)
بهمنظور بررسی اثر کودهای آلی، زیستی و شیمیایی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد خرفه، آزمایشی در سالهای زراعی 94-1393 و 95-1394 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه بیرجند بهصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش بر اساس ترکیبی از چهار منبع تأمینکننده نیتروژن شامل: کود گاوی، ورمیکمپوست، کود شیمیایی (NPK) و شاهد (بدون اعمال هیچگونه کودی) و نیز چهار نوع کود زیستی شامل: نیتروکسین (شامل ازتوباکتر و آزوسپیریلوم)، میکوریزا Glomus intraradices))، بیوسولفور (شامل تیوباسیلوس همراه با گوگرد) و شاهد (بدون هیچگونه کودی) بودند. نتایج تجزیه مرکب دو ساله دادهها نشان داد که اثر کودهای آلی و شیمیایی بر تمامی صفات مورد مطالعه (بهجز شاخص برداشت) معنیدار بود. بیشترین ارتفاع بوته (2/49 سانتیمتر)، تعداد کپسول در بوته (2/351 کپسول)، وزن هزار دانه (41/0 گرم) از تیمار کود شیمیایی (NPK) و بیشترین عدد کلروفیل متر (2/34)، تعداد دانه در کپسول (4/45 دانه) و بیشترین درصد روغن از ورمیکمپوست (6/14 گرم) حاصل شد. همچنین، بیشترین عملکرد دانه (3/1959 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، عملکرد خشک زیستتوده (4/9782 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و عملکرد روغن (6/277 کیلوگرم در هکتار) از تیمار کود شیمیایی (NPK) حاصل شد که تفاوت معنیداری با کود گاوی نداشت. اثر کود زیستی نیز بر تعداد کپسول در بوته، تعداد دانه در کپسول، وزن هزار دانه و درصد روغن معنیدار بود اما اثر سایر صفات تحت تأثیر این تیمار واقع نشد. بیشترین تعداد کپسول در بوته (3/355 کپسول) و وزن هزار دانه (41/0 گرم) از میکوریزا، بیشترین تعداد دانه در کپسول (43 دانه) و درصد روغن (6/14 گرم) از بیوسولفور حاصل شد. برهمکنش کودهای آلی و شیمیایی نشان داد که بیشترین عملکرد خشک زیست توده از تیمار کود شیمیایی (NPK) و کودهای زیستی نیتروکسین (1/10670 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و بیوسولفور (7/10306 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و بیشترین درصد روغن از تیمار شاهد و بیوسولفور (4/15 درصد) حاصل شد. بر اساس نتایج دوساله این تحقیق، در راستای کشاورزی پایدار و بهمنظور کاهش مصرف نهادههای شیمیایی جایگزین نمودن کود گاوی با کود شیمیایی (NPK) جهت تولید حداکثر دانه و روغن خرفه در منطقه بیرجند توصیه میگردد.
https://jcesc.um.ac.ir/article_38363_59e881c5514844cf856277be4b536cef.pdf
2021-03-21
17
32
10.22067/gsc.v19i1.84776
بیوسولفور
میکوریزا
نیتروکسین
ورمیکمپوست
حامد
جوادی
h_javadi@pnu.ac.ir
1
گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
AUTHOR
پرویز
رضوانی مقدم
rezvani@um.ac.ir
2
گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
LEAD_AUTHOR
محمدحسن
راشد محصل
mhrashed@um.ac.ir
3
گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
AUTHOR
محمد جواد
ثقه الاسلامی
mjseghat@yahoo.com
4
گروه کشاورزی، واحد بیرجند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بیرجند، ایران
AUTHOR
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Rezvani Moghaddam, P., and Seyyedi, S. M. 2014. The Effects of organic and biological fertilizers on phosphorus and potassium uptake by black seed (Nigella sativa L.). Journal of Horticultural Science 28 (1): 43-53. (in Persian with English abstract).
45
Rezvani Moghaddam, P., Seyedi, S. M., and Azad, M. 2014. Effects of organic, chemical and biological sources of nitrogen on nitrogen use efficiency in black seed (Nigella sativa L.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants 30 (2): 260-274. (in Persian with English abstract).
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Rodríguez Cáceres, E. A., González Anta, G., López, J. R., Di Ciocco, C. A., Pacheco Basurco, J. C., and Parada, J. L. 1996. Response of field-grown wheat to inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense and Bacillus polymyxa in the semiarid region of Argentina. Arid Soil Research and Rehabilitation 10 (1): 13-20.
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48
Saia, S., Ruisi, P., Garcia-Garrido, J. M., Benitez, E., Amato, G., and Giambalvo, D. 2012. Can arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhance plant nitrogen capture from organic matter added to soil? 17th Nitrogen Workshop. 26-29 Jun, Wexford, Ireland.
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Shakeri, E., Amini Dehaghi, M., Tabatabaei, S. A., and Modares Sanavi, S. A. M. 2012. Effect of nitrogen and biological fertilizers on seed yield and fatty acid composition of sesame cultivars under Yazd conditions. Journal of Iranian Field Crop Research 10 (4): 742-750. (in Persian with English abstract).
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Sharpley, A. N., McDowell, R., and Kleinman, P. J. A. 2004. Amounts, forms, and solubility of phosphorus in soils receiving manure. Soil Science Society of America Journal 68: 2048-2057.
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Song, H. 2005. Effects of VAM on host plant in the condition of drought stress and its mechanism. Electronic Journal Biological 1 (3): 44-48.
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Talgre, L., Lauringson, E., Roostalu, H., and Astover, A. 2009. The effects of green manures on yields and yield quality of spring wheat. Agronomy Research 7 (1): 125-132.
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
تأثیر دور آبیاری، اسید هیومیک و محلولپاشی متانول بر صفات مورفولوژیکی، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه کاسنی (Cichorium intybus L.)
با هدف بررسی امکان افزایش کارایی مصرف آب و تحمل به کمآبی با کاربرد اسید هیومیک و محلولپاشی متانول و نیز تأثیر استفاده از این مواد در سطوح مختلف آبیاری بر صفات مورفولوژیکی و عملکردی کاسنی آزمایشی در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد بیرجند بهصورت اسپلیت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در سال 1394 اجرا شد. در این پژوهش، دور آبیاری در سه سطح (70، 140 و 210 میلیمتر تبخیر تجمعی از تشتک تبخیر کلاس A) بهعنوان فاکتور اصلی، محلولپاشی با متانول در دو سطح (صفر و 21 درصد حجمی) و اسید هیومیک با دو سطح (صفر و 10 لیتر در هکتار) بهعنوان فاکتورهای فرعی در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد برهمکنش دور آبیاری و محلولپاشی متانول بر ارتفاع بوته، تعداد آکن در گیاه، تعداد دانه در گیاه، عملکرد دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک و کارایی مصرف آب دانه و برهمکنش دور آبیاری و اسید هیومیک بر ارتفاع بوته، عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیک معنیدار شد. بیشترین عملکرد دانه کاسنی در تیمارهای محلولپاشی متانول (2/57 گرم در متر مربع) و کاربرد اسید هیومیک (5/55 گرم در متر مربع) در شرایط آبیاری مطلوب حاصل شد، اما بیشترین کارایی مصرف آب دانه کاسنی از محلولپاشی متانول و در شرایط تنش متوسط کمآبی حاصل شد. بهطور کلی نتایج نشان داد که جهت دستیابی به حداکثر عملکرد دانه کاسنی میتوان از آبیاری پس از 70 میلیمتر تبخیر تجمعی از تشتک تبخیر و محلولپاشی 21 درصد حجمی متانول یا کاربرد 10 لیتر در هکتار اسید هیومیک در منطقه بیرجند استفاده کرد.
https://jcesc.um.ac.ir/article_39777_52d75a85bb7165a3702c0877ec2b8dfd.pdf
2021-03-21
33
47
10.22067/jcesc.2021.37115.0
تعداد آکن
تنش کمآبی
کارایی مصرف آب
مواد بهبوددهنده آلی و شیمیایی
سید غلامرضا
موسوی
s_reza1350@yahoo.com
1
گروه زراعت، واحد بیرجند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بیرجند، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
حامد
جوادی
h_javadi@pnu.ac.ir
2
گروه علوم کشاورزی دانشگاه پیام نور، ایران
AUTHOR
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7
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15
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17
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23
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24
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28
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29
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36
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
بررسی اثر آبیاری تلفیقی با آب شور بر عملکرد و خواص مورفولوژیکی گیاه کینوا
بهمنظور بررسی اثر آبیاری با روش تلفیق آب شور و آب چاه بر عملکرد، خواص رشدی و بهرهوری فیزیکی گیاه کینوا آزمایشی در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی با 6 تیمار (آب چاه با هدایت الکتریکی 2/1 دسیزیمنس بر متر (شاهد FW)، آب شور با هدایت الکتریکی 15 دسیزیمنس بر متر (SW)، اختلاط 50:50 آب شور با آب چاه با هدایت الکتریکی 2/7 دسیزیمنس بر متر (MSW)، آبیاری یک در میان با آب شور و آب چاه (ASW)، شوری موضعی ثابت ریشه (FPRS) و شوری موضعی متناوب ریشه (APRS)) تحت شرایط گلخانهای در دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد با سه تکرار در سال 1397 اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که مدیریتهای مختلف آبیاری بر بهرهوری مصرف آب، شاخص برداشت، طول پانیکول، ارتفاع، قطر ساقه، وزن پانیکول و عملکرد دانه در بوته در سطح احتمال یک درصد و بر تعداد شاخه جانبی، عرض و تعداد پانیکول و وزن هزار دانه کینوا در سطح احتمال 5 درصد معنیدار شد. عملکرد دانه در مقایسه با استفاده از آب شور در کل فصل رشدی گیاه و به میزان 4/23 (ASW)، 0/18 (MSW)، 9/18 (APRS) و 7/2 درصد (FPRS) افزایش داشت. اعمال تیمارهای مدیریتی در آبیاری گیاه کینوا منجر به بهبود در بهرهوری فیزیکی مصرف آب شده است، بهطوریکه اعمال تیمارهای ASW، MSW، FPRS و APRS نسبت به تیمار SW منجر به تغییرات مثبت و به میزان 0/25، 5/12، 8/3 و 0/25 درصد شد. در این پژوهش تیمارهای ASW و APRS با عملکرد و بهرهوری مصرف آب بیشتر در شرایط اعمال آب شور در آبیاری تیمار بهینه است.
https://jcesc.um.ac.ir/article_39625_7e7cc71a430581fe035facc4e617743e.pdf
2021-03-21
49
59
10.22067/jcesc.2021.37118.0
بهرهوری فیزیکی
شوری موضعی ریشه
عملکرد دانه
مدیریت تناوبی
وزن هزار دانه
صابر
جمالی
sa13e12@gmail.com
1
گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
AUTHOR
حسین
انصاری
ansary@um.ac.ir
2
گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
Al-Naggar, A. M. M., El-Salam, R. A., Badran, A. E. E., and El-Moghazi, M. M. 2017. Drought tolerance of Five Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) Genotypes and Its Association with Other Traits under Moderate and Severe Drought Stress. Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research 3 (3): 1-13.
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Attar, S. F., Mohammadkhani, A., and Houshmand, S. 2015. Effect of Salt Stress on Seed and Oil Yield, Chlorophyll and Proline Content in Three Local Populations of Castor Bean (Ricinus communis L.) in Controlled Environment. Journal of Crop Production and Processing 4 (14): 215-227. (in Persian with English abstract).
2
Gandahi, A. W., Kubar, A., Sarki, M. S., Talpur, N., and Gandahi, M. 2017. Response of Conjunctive Use of Fresh and Saline Water on Growth and Biomass of Cotton Genotypes. Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 13: 326-334.
3
Hinojosa, L., González, J., Barrios-Masias, F., Fuentes, F., and Murphy, K. 2018. Quinoa abiotic stress responses: A review. Plants 7 (4): 1-32.
4
Hussain, M. I., Al-Dakheel, A. J., and Reigosa, M. J. 2018. Genotypic differences in agro-physiological, biochemical and isotopic responses to salinity stress in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) plants: Prospects for salinity tolerance and yield stability. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 129: 411-420.
5
Iqbal, S., Basra, S. M., Afzal, I., Wahid, A., Saddiq, M. S., Hafeez, M. B., and Jacobsen, S. E. 2019. Yield potential and salt tolerance of quinoa on salt‐degraded soils of Pakistan. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 205 (1): 13-21.
6
Jamali, S., and Ansari, H. 2019. Effects of water quality and irrigation management on growth and yield of Quinoa. Water Research in Agriculture 33 (3): 339-351. (in Persian with English abstract).
7
Jamali, S., and Sharifan, H. 2018. Investigation the effect of different salinity levels on yield and yield components of Quinoa (Cv. Titicaca). Water and Soil Conservation 25 (2): 251-266. (in Persian with English abstract).
8
Jamali, S. 2017. Investigation the effects of different salinity and deficit irrigation on yield and yield components of Quinoa. MSc thesis of irrigation and derainage, Gorgan university of Agriculture science and Natural resource. (in Persian with English abstract).
9
Kamali Maskooni, E., and Afzali, S. F. 2019. Effect of irrigation with different salinities on some soil characteristics and salt concentration factor (Case study: Bighard, Khonj). Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 21 (4): 141-152. (in Persian with English abstract).
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Khalili, S. Bastani, A., and Bagheri, M. 2019. Effect of different levels of irrigation water salinity and phosphorus on some properties of soil and Quinoa plant. Iranian Journal of Soil Research 33 (1): 155-167.
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Khorasaninejad, S., Alizadeh Ahmadabadi, A., and Hemmati, K. 2018. The effect of humic acid on leaf morphophysiological and phytochemical properties of Echinacea purpurea L. under water deficit stress. Scientia Horticulturae 239: 314-323.
12
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13
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14
Manaa, A., Goussi, R., Derbali, W., Cantamessa, S., Abdelly, C., and Barbato, R. 2019. Salinity tolerance of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) as assessed by chloroplast ultrastructure and photosynthetic performance. Environmental and Experimental Botany 162: 103-114.
15
Mandal, K., Saravana, R., and Maiti, S. 2008. Effect of different levels of N, P and K on downy mildew (Peronospora plantaginis L.) and seed yield of plantago ovate. Crop Protection 27 (6): 988- 995.
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Mansour, H. A., Hongjouan, R., Jiandong, H., Feng, B. H., and Changmei, L. 2019. Performance of Water Desalination and Modern Irrigation Systems for Improving Water Productivity. In Irrigation-Addressing Past Claims and New Challenges.
17
Maleki, P., Saadat, S., Bahrami, H. A., Rezaei, H., and Esmaeelnejad, L. 2019. Accumulation of ions in shoot and seed of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) under salinity stress. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 50 (6): 782-793.
18
Maleki, P., Bahrami, H. A., Saadat, S., Sharifi, F., Dehghany, F., and Salehi, M. 2018. Salinity threshold value of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) at various growth stages and the appropriate irrigation method by saline water. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 49 (15): 1815-1825.
19
Marzi, M., Mirzaei, F., and Liaghat, A. 2019. Investigation of water absorption and yield of silage corn in different conditions of saline and non-saline water. Journal of Water and Irrigation Management 9 (1): 1-14. (in Persian with English abstract).
20
Miranda-Apodaca, J., Yoldi-Achalandabaso, A., Aguirresarobe, A., del Canto, A., and Pérez-López, U. 2018. Similarities and differences between the responses to osmotic and ionic stress in quinoa from a water use perspective. Agricultural Water Management 203: 344-352.
21
Murad, K. F. I., Hossain, A., Fakir, O. A., Biswas, S. K., Sarker, K. K., Rannu, R. P., and Timsina, J. 2018. Conjunctive use of saline and fresh water increases the productivity of maize in saline coastal region of Bangladesh. Agricultural Water Management 204: 262-270.
22
Parvez, S., Abbas, G., Shahid, M., Amjad, M., Hussain, M., Asad, S. A., Imran, M., and Naeem, M. A. 2020. Effect of salinity on physiological, biochemical and photostabilizing attributes of two genotypes of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) exposed to arsenic stress. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety 187: 109814.
23
Pervize, Z., Afzal, M., Xi, S., Xiao, Y., and Anchng, L. 2002. Pysiological parameters of salt tolerance in wheat. Asian Journal of Plant Science 1: 478-481.
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Pulvento, C., Riccardi, M., Lavini, A., Iafelice, G., Marconi, E., and d’Andria, R. 2012. Yield and Quality Characteristics of Quinoa Grown in Open Field under Different Saline and Non‐Saline Irrigation Regimes. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 198 (4): 254-263.
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Qadir, M., and Oster. J. 2004. Crop and irrigation management strategies for saline-sodic soils and waters aimed at environmentally sustainable agriculture. Science of the Total Environment 323 (1): 1-19.
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Razzaghi, F., Ahmadi, S. H., Jacobsen, S. E., Jensen C. R., and Andersen. M. N. 2012. Effects of salinity and soil–drying on radiation use efficiency, water productivity and yield of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 198 (3): 173-184.
27
Riaz, F., Abbas, G., Saqib, M., Amjad, M., Farooq, A., Ahmad, S., Naeem, M. A., Umer, M., Khalid, M. S., Ahmad, Kh., and Ahmad, N. 2020. Comparative effect of salinity on growth, ionic and physiological attributes of two quinoa genotypes. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences 57 (1): 115-122.
28
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29
Saleh, B. 2013. Water Status and ProteinPattern Changes towards Salt Stress in Cotton.Journal of Stress Physiology and Biochemistry 9 (1): 113-123.
30
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32
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34
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35
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36
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
استفاده از "حافظه تنش" برای بهبود تحمل تنش خشکی در سیبزمینی
شناخت و بهرهگیری از کارکردهای فیزیولوژیک گیاهی میتواند در مقابله با تنشهای محیطی مانند تنش خشکی بهکار برده شود. پژوهش حاضر بهمنظور بررسی تأثیر وقوع تنش خشکی در سالهای قبل، بر تولید سال جاری چهار رقم سیبزمینی انجام شد. به این منظور از آزمایش کرتهای خردشده در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار استفاده شد. عامل اصلی شامل دو سطح آبیاری (آبیاری کامل در رطوبت ظرفیت مزرعه و آبیاری در 75 درصد رطوبت ظرفیت مزرعه) و عامل فرعی شامل هشت سطح (چهار رقم آگریا، مارفونا، آتوسا و آنوشا در دو حالت مقاوم شده و مقاوم نشده به خشکی) بودند.نتایج نشان داد کهتأثیر برهمکنش عوامل آبیاری و رقم بر صفت عملکرد کل در سطح پنج درصد و بر عملکرد غیرقابل فروش، عملکرد قابلفروش و بهرهوری آب در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنیدار بوده است. کاهش عملکرد در شرایط تنش خشکی برای ارقام آگریا، مارفونا، آتوسا، آنوشا که مقاومسازی به خشکی در آنها انجام نشده بود بهترتیب برابر با 6/30، 27، 7/39 و 9/38 درصد بود. در شرایط تنش خشکی و استفاده از ارقام مقاوم شده به خشکی، کاهش عملکرد دو رقم آتوسا و آنوشا فقط 5/8 درصد بود. ارقام آتوسا و آنوشا بهترتیب با شاخص تحمل به تنش 72/0 و 67/0 درصد نسبت به دو رقم مارفونا و آگریا برتری معنیدار داشتند. با توجه به نتایج به نظر میرسد در برخی از ارقام از "حافظه تنش" میتوان در جهت تعدیل اثرات تنش در کشتهای بعدی استفاده نمود.
https://jcesc.um.ac.ir/article_39663_771af5b479dd52e43b1208e42b78287c.pdf
2021-03-21
61
71
10.22067/jcesc.2021.37175.0
بهرهوری آب
شاخص تحمل تنش
کاهش عملکرد
امیرهوشنگ
جلالی
jalali51@yahoo.com
1
مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
احمد
موسی پور گرجی
mousapour_gorji@yahoo.com
2
بخش تحقیقات سبزیهای زراعی، موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران
AUTHOR
Alhoshan, M., Zahedi, M., Ramin, A. A., and Sabzalian, M. R. 2019. Effect of soil drought on polymorphisms in Arabidopsis thaliana using whole genome tiling arrays. PLoS Genet, 4(3), p.e1000032 biomass production, physiological attributes and antioxidant enzymes activities of potato cultivars. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 66: 265-277.
1
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2
Fandika, I. R., Kemp, P. D., Millner, J. P., Horne, D., and Roskruge, N. 2016. Irrigation and nitrogen effects on tuber yield and water use efficiency of heritage and modern potato cultivars. Agricultural Water Management 170: 148-157.
3
Fernandez, G. C. J. 1992. Effective selection criteria for assessing plant stress tolerance. In: Adaptation of food crops to temperature and water stress tolerance, Kuo, C.G. (Ed.). Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center, Taiwan, pp: 257-270.
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5
Hossain, M., Zakaria, M., Mian, M. K., Karim, M. A. and Hossain, M. 2017. Stress tolerance attributes and yield based selection of potato genotypes for water stress environment. Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology 39: 185-194
6
Jalali, A. H. and Salehi, F. 2013. Sugar beet yield as affected by seed priming and weed control. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 59: 281-288.
7
Jalali, A. H., Salemi, H., Nikouei, A., Gavangy, S., Rezaei, M., Khodagholi, M., and Toomanian, N. 2017. Determination of water requirement for potato in different climates of Isfahan province. Applied Research in Field Crops 30: 53-73. (in Persian).
8
Munné-Bosch, S., and Alegre, L. 2013. Cross-stress tolerance and stress" memory" in plants. Environmental and Experimental Botany 94: 1-88.
9
Pradel, W., Gatto, M., Hareau, G., Pandey, S. K., and Bhardway, V. 2019. Adoption of potato varieties and their role for climate change adaptation in India. Climate Risk Management 23: 114-123.
10
Ramírez, D. A., Rolando, J. L., Yactayo, W., Monneveux, P., Mares, V., and Quiroz, R. 2015. Improving potato drought tolerance through the induction of long-term water stress memory. Plant Science 238: 26-32.
11
Reddy, J. M., Jumaboev, K., Bobojonov, I., Carli, C., and Eshmuratov, D. 2016. Yield and water use efficiency of potato varieties under different soil-moisture stress conditions in the Fergana Valley of Central Asia. Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems 40: 407-431.
12
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13
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Rudack, K., Seddig, S., Sprenger, H., Köhl, K., Uptmoor, R., and Ordon, F. 2017. Drought stress‐induced changes in starch yield and physiological traits in potato. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 203: 494-505.
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Silva-Díaz, C., Ramírez, D. A., Rodríguez-Delfín, A., de Mendiburu, F., Rinza, J., Ninanya, J., Loayza, H., and Quiroz, R. 2020. Unraveling Ecophysiological Mechanisms in Potatoes under Different Irrigation Methods: A Preliminary Field Evaluation Agronomy 10: 827.
17
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19
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20
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
اثرات محلولپاشی سیلیکات پتاسیم و نانوذرات (سیلیسیم+ روی) در مراحل مختلف رشد و نمو بر عملکرد کمی و غنیسازی دانه برنج (Oryza sativa L.)
سیلیس و روی در بین عناصر غذایی نقش کلیدی در بهبود تغذیه و افزایش رشد گیاه برنج دارند. بهمنظور انجام این تحقیق، آزمایشی بهصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی و با 3 تکرار در مزرعه شخصی واقع در شهرستان بابل، طی سالهای 97-1396 و 98-1397 اجرا گردید. فاکتورهای آزمایشی شامل محلولپاشی در سه سطح (سیلیکات پتاسیم، نانواکسید سیلیسیم و نانواکسید روی) بهعنوان عامل اول و مراحل رشد و نمو در پنج سطح ](T1: ابتدای پنجهدهی +T2)، (T2: اواسط پنجهدهی +T3)، (T3: T4+T5)، (T4: اواخر پنجهدهی)، (T5: خوشهدهی کامل)[ بهعنوان عامل دوم درنظر گرفته شدند. نتایج نشان دادند که هیچیک از صفات مورد مطالعه تحت اثر سال زراعی قرار نگرفتند. حداکثر عملکرد دانه با محلولپاشی نانواکسید سیلیسیم (7733 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و نانواکسید روی (7498 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بهدست آمد، که بهترتیب بهخاطر افزایش تعداد کل خوشهچه و درصد خوشهچه پر (بهترتیب 0/142 خوشهچه و 53/95 درصد) و افزایش تعداد کل پنجه و وزن هزار دانه (بهترتیب 73/19 پنجه و 80/26 گرم) بود. بالاترین میزان عملکرد دانه (7716، 7700 و 7492 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و درصد خوشهچه پر (83/94، 72/94 و 89/93 درصد) بهترتیب تحت تیمارهای T1، T2 و T3 بهدست آمد. بیشترین غلظت سیلیس و روی دانه بهترتیب با محلولپاشی نانواکسید سیلیسیم تحت تیمار T1 (97/3 درصد) و نانواکسید روی تحت تیمار T2 (67/21 میلیگرم در کیلوگرم) بهدست آمد.
https://jcesc.um.ac.ir/article_39527_1c46c3cfe5c803d878cdbba43c4629df.pdf
2021-03-21
73
89
10.22067/jcesc.2021.37184.0
روی دانه
سیلیس دانه
عملکرد دانه
نانوکودها
مهرداد
شیخ زاده
farshid_alipour82@yahoo.com
1
گروه زراعت، واحد قائم شهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قائم شهر، ایران
AUTHOR
حمیدرضا
مبصر
drmobasser.neg@gmail.com
2
گروه زراعت، واحد قائم شهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قائم شهر، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
الیاس
رحیمی پطرودی
farshid.alipour83@gmail.com
3
گروه زراعت، واحد قائم شهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قائم شهر، ایران
AUTHOR
محمد
رضوانی
m_rezvani52@yahoo.com
4
گروه زراعت، واحد قائم شهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قائم شهر، ایران
AUTHOR
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1
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2
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8
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9
Efisue, A. A., Umunna, B. C., and Orluchukwu, J. A. 2014. Effects of yield components on yield potential of some lowland rice (Oyza sativa L.) in coastal region of Southern Nigeria. Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science 6 (9): 119-127.
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Ghasemi, M., Mobasser, H. R., Asadi-Manesh, H., and Gholizadeh, A. L. 2014. Investigating the effect of potassium, zinc and silicon on grain yield, yield components and their absorption in grain rice (Oryza sativa L.). Electronic Journal of Soil Management and Sustainable Production. 4 (2): 1-24. (in Persian with English abstract).
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
اثر غلظتهای نانوسیلیکون و کودهای زیستی بر عملکرد و دوره پر شدن دانه گندم در رژیمهای مختلف آبیاری
به منظور بررسی اثر نانوسیلیکون و کودهای زیستی بر عملکرد و دوره پر شدن دانهی گندم در سطوح مختلف آبیاری، آزمایشی بهصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه پژوهشی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی در سال زراعی 98-1397 اجرا شد. عوامل آزمایشی شامل سطوح آبیاری (آبیاری کامل بهعنوان شاهد، قطع آبیاری در 50% مراحل ظهور سنبله و تورم غلاف برگ پرچم (آبستنی) بهترتیب بهعنوان محدودیت ملایم و شدید آبی)، محلولپاشی با نانوسیلیکون (محلولپاشی با آب بهعنوان شاهد، 30 و 60 میلیگرم در لیتر) و کودهای زیستی (عدم کاربرد بهعنوان شاهد، کاربرد قارچ مایکوریزا، کاربرد فلاوباکتریوم و سودوموناس، کاربرد توأم مایکوریزا با باکتریها) بودند.نتایجمقایسه میانگینها نشان داد که حداکثر سرعت پر شدن دانه (04/3 میلیگرم در روز)، طول دوره پر شدن دانه (37 روز)، دوره موثر پر شدن دانه (44/30 روز) و عملکرد دانه (4593 کیلوگرم در هکتار) از کاربرد توأم کودهای زیستی و محلولپاشی 30 میلیگرم در لیتر نانوسیلیکون در شرایط آبیاری کامل بهدست آمد. همچنین حداکثر محتوی کلروفیل a، b، کل و کاروتنوئید (بهترتیب 04/2، 93/0، 87/2 و 89/9 میلیگرم در گرم وزن تر برگ) از محلولپاشی 60 میلیگرم در لیتر نانوسیلیکون و تلقیح بذر با باکتریهای محرک رشد در شرایط آبیاری کامل بهدست آمد. بیشترین وزن و حجم ریشه از محلولپاشی60 میلیگرم در لیتر نانوسیلیکون و کاربرد مایکوریزا در شرایط آبیاری کامل بهدست آمد. حداکثر شاخص سطح برگ از کاربرد مایکوریزا و باکتریهای محرک رشد و محلولپاشی 60 میلیگرم در لیتر نانوسیلیکون در شرایط آبیاری کامل بهدست آمد. بهنظر میرسد کاربرد کودهای زیستی و نانوسیلیکون میتواند بهعنوان فاکتورهای مدیریتی مناسب برای افزایش عملکرد دانه و دوره پر شدن دانه گندم در شرایط محدودیت آبی توصیه شود.
https://jcesc.um.ac.ir/article_39588_974564cb837d89f5a11abbc8822d2117.pdf
2021-03-21
91
105
10.22067/jcesc.2021.67258.0
باکتریهای محرک رشد
رنگیزههای فتوسنتزی
خشکی
قارچ موسهآ
نانو ذرات
فرناز
احمدی نورالدین وند
farnaz_ahmadi@rocketmail.com
1
گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
LEAD_AUTHOR
رئوف
سیدشریفی
raouf_ssharifi@yahoo.com
2
گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
AUTHOR
سید عطااله
سیادت
seyedatasiadat@yahoo.com
3
گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان
AUTHOR
راضیه
خلیل زاده
khalilzadehrazieh@yahoo.com
4
گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشگاه ارومیه
AUTHOR
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