مطالعه عملکرد دانه و برخی صفات فیزیولوژیکی بر ارقام هیبرید ذرت (Zea mays L.) تحت سطوح مختلف کلرید سدیم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه بیرجند

2 دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر تنش شوری بر پایداری غشا، کلروفیل aو b، کاروتنوئید، اجزای عملکرد و عملکرد دانه هفت هیبرید ذرت (Ksc700، Ksc500، KSc704، Ksc301 و Ksc647 (ارقام ایرانی) و ارقام خارجی شامل Ksc404 و Maxima) آزمایشی در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان در سال زراعی 1390 به‌صورت کرت های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام گرفت. کرت های اصلی شامل چهار سطح شوری آب آبیاری با هدایت الکتریکی 4، 6، 8 و 10 دسی زیمنس بر متر و کرت های فرعی شامل هیبریدهای مذکور بودند. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش سطوح شوری تمامی صفات بررسی شده به‌جز محتوی کاروتنوئید کاهش یافتند به‌طوری‌که بیشترین میزان این صفات از پایین‌ترین سطح شوری به‌دست آمد. محاسبه ضرایب همبستگی بین صفات نیز نشان داد که بین عملکرد دانه و پایداری غشا در زمان120 دقیقه (**r = 61/0) ، عملکرد دانه و وزن هزاردانه (**93/0 =r) همبستگی معنی دار و مثبتی وجود دارد. بیشترین و کمترین میزان عملکرد دانه با تفاوت معنی دار به‌ترتیب 10610 و 5750 کیلوگرم در هکتار از سطوح شوری 4 و 10 دسی زیمنس بر متر به‌دست آمد. همچنین مقایسه میانگین صفات، برتری هیبرید Ksc704 را از لحاظ دارا بودن بالا‌ترین میزان پایداری غشا و عملکرد دانه در شرایط مورد آزمایش در بین هیبریدهای مورد مطالعه نشان داد و به‌عنوان هیبرید متحمل و جهت کاشت در چنین شرایطی معرفی می گردد.

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