تأثیر منابع تغذیه‌ای و سطوح آب آبیاری بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد، فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی و میزان آنتوسیانین کاسبرگ گیاه دارویی چای ترش (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) در جیرفت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 دانشگاه جیرفت

چکیده

این تحقیق با هدف مطالعه تأثیر منابع تغذیه‌ای و سطوح آب آبیاری بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد، فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی و میزان آنتوسیانین کاسبرگ گیاه دارویی چای ترش در دو سال زراعی92-1391 و 93-1392 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه جیرفت، به‌صورت کرت‌های خرد شده نواری در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. سطوح آب آبیاری در سه سطح 60 ، 80 و 100 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه به‌عنوان عامل کرت‌های افقی و منبع تغذیه‌ا‌ی گیاه در چهار سطح (کود زیستی مایکوریزا، ورمی‌کمپوست، کود گاوی، کود شیمیایی (نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم) و تیمار شاهد به‌عنوان عامل کرت‌های عمودی در نظر گرفته شدند. نتایج تجزیه واریانس مرکب نشان داد که اثر منابع تغذیه‌ای و سطوح آب آبیاری بر ارتفاع بوته، طول سرشاخه گلدار، تعداد غوزه در بوته، وزن کاسبرگ خشک در بوته، عملکرد کاسبرگ، عملکرد زیست‌توده، فعالیت آنتی‌آکسیدانی و میزان آنتوسیانین کاسبرگ معنی‌دار بود. همچنین اثر متقابل منابع تغذیه‌ای و سطوح آب آبیاری بر عملکرد کاسبرگ و فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی کاسبرگ معنی‌دار بود. بیشترین وزن کاسبرگ خشک در سطح 100 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه و منبع تغذیه‌ای کود گاوی و کمترین عملکرد وزن کاسبرگ در تیمار شاهد در سطح 60 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه به‌دست آمد. با توجه به اینکه سطوح 100 و 80 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه در اکثر ویژگی‌های مورد بررسی تفاوت معنی‌داری وجود نداشتند، به‌نظر می‌رسد که سطح 80 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه به‌ترتیب توأم با مصرف کودهای دامی، ورمی‌کمپوست و شیمیایی در زراعت چای ترش مناسب می‌باشند.

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