اثر پرایمینگ و پوشش‌دار کردن بذر بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دو رقم برنج

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• شهرام نظری
• مریم حسینی چالتشری
• مهرزاد اله قلی پور

بخش اصلاح و تهیه بذر، موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران

10.22067/jcesc.2021.69587.1040

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر پیش‌تیمار بذر بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد برنج، آزمایشی در مزرعه پژوهشی موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور (رشت) در سال 1399 اجرا شد. آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادقی با سه تکرار انجام شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل دو رقم برنج (هاشمی و گوهر) و تیمار بذر ارقام برنج در هفت سطح شامل، پرایمینگ با کلرید کلسیم (5/22 گرم در یک لیتر آب در 24 ساعت)، پرایمینگ با کلرید پتاسیم (5/22 گرم در یک لیتر آب در 24 ساعت)، پرایمینگ با سولفات روی (غلظت 5/0 میلی‌مولار در 12 ساعت)، هیدروپرایمینگ (48 ساعت)+پوشش‌دار کردن بذر با کلرید کلسیم، هیدروپرایمینگ (48 ساعت)+پوشش‌دار کردن با کلرید پتاسیم، هیدروپرایمینگ (48 ساعت)+پوشش‌دار کردن با سولفات روی و هیدروپرایمینگ (48 ساعت به‌عنوان شاهد) بود. نتایج نشان داد که رقم اصلاح شده گوهر دارای درصد و سرعت سبز شدن بالاتری نسبت به رقم بومی هاشمی بود. براساس نتایج مقایسه میانگین‌ها نشان داد که بالاترین سرعت سبز شدن متعلق به تیمارهای پرایمینگ و پوشش‌دار کردن بذر برنج با کلرید پتاسیم و کلرید کلسیم است. بالاترین ارتفاع بوته برنج به‌ترتیب در تیمار پوشش‌دار کردن و پرایمینگ با کلرید پتاسیم در رقم هاشمی مشاهده شد. پیش‌تیمارهای بذر به‌صورت پرایمینگ و یا پوشش‌دار کردن بذر برنج با کلرید کلسیم، کلرید پتاسیم و سولفات روی سبب افزایش طول خوشه برنج نسبت به تیمار شاهد (هیدروپرایمینگ) شدند. در بین این تیمارها کلرید کلسیم بیش‌ترین و سولفات روی کم‌ترین تأثیر را بر افزایش طول خوشه نسبت به تیمار شاهد شدند. پوشش‌دار کردن بذر با کلرید پتاسیم و کلرید کلسیم نیز باعث افزایش وزن خوشه نسبت به تیمار شاهد شدند. بیش‌ترین عملکرد بیولوژیک و نیز عملکرد دانه در تیمار پوشش‌دار کردن بذر با کلرید کلسیم و کلرید پتاسیم به‌دست آمد. بالاترین شاخص برداشت در تیمارهای پوشش‌دار کردن و پرایمینگ با کلرید پتاسیم مشاهده شد. به‌طورکلی نتایج نشان داد پوشش‌دار کردن بذر با کلرید کلسیم و کلرید پتاسیم موجب بهبود کارکرد بذر و در نتیجه افزایش عملکرد برنج می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• شاخص برداشت
• کلرید پتاسیم
• کلرید کلسیم

20.1001.1.20081472.1400.19.3.6.2

موضوعات

• عملکرد گیاهان زراعی

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