تأثیر محلول‌پاشی براسینواستروئید و ملاتونین بر ویژگی‌های بیوشمیایی و شاخص‌های رشد کینوا (Chenopodium quinoa Willd)در شرایط تنش خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران

2 گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران

3 دانش‌آموخته دکتری، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران

چکیده

آزمایش به‌صورت کرت‌‌های خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک‌‌‌های کامل تصادفی در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان در سال‌های 1399-1398 و 1400-1399 اجرا شد. سه سطح آبیاری (100، 75 و 50 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه) به کرت‌های اصلی و پنج سطح محلول‌پاشی (شاهد، براسینوئید 0.5 و 0.25 میکرو‌‌مولار، ملاتونین 1 و 0.5 میکرو‌‌مولار) به کرت‌‌‌‌‌‌‌های فرعی اختصاص داده شدند. با کاهش سطح آبیاری، ارتفاع بوته، سرعت رشد گیاه، شاخص سطح برگ، وزن هزار دانه و شاخص برداشت به‌طور معنی‌‌‌داری کاهش، درحالی‌که کلروفیل فلورسانس، محتوای پرولین و کربوهیدرات‌‌های محلول افزایش پیدا کردند. واکنش حاصل از ویژگی‌های مورد ارزیابی به تنش خشکی منجر به کاهش زیست‌توده و عملکرد دانه گردید. براسینواستروئید و ملاتونین در هر دو غلظت تأثیرات مثبتی را بر ویژگی‌های اندازه‌گیری‌شده داشتند، اما این تأثیرات بر شاخص سطح برگ معنی‌دار نبود. تأثیر براسینواستروئید بر اکثر ویژگی‌‌ها مؤثرتر از ملاتونین بود، به‌طوری‌که غلظت 0.5 میکرو‌‌‌‌‌مولار آن با کاهش کلروفیل فلورسانس (8.86 و 10.58 درصد به‌ترتیب در تنش ملایم و شدید)، افزایش محتوای پرولین (16.42 و 13.49 درصد)، افزایش سرعت رشد گیاه (4.4 و 16.8 درصد) و دیگر ویژگی‌‌های مؤثر منجر به افزایش وزن خشک و عملکرد دانه در سطوح تنش ملایم و شدید نسبت به عدم محلول‌‌پاشی در همین شرایط شد. عملکرد دانه در تنش ملایم و با کاربرد 0.5 میکرومولار براسینواستروئید نسبت به شاهد در شرایط نرمال آبیاری تنها 3.73 درصد کمتر بود و لذا، این تیمار می‌تواند در رفع اثر سوء تنش خشکی در کینوا مؤثر واقع گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

©2024 The author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source.

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 08 خرداد 1403
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