پاسخ ارقام مختلف برنج (Oryza sativa L.) به روش‌های مختلف مدیریت علف‌های‌ هرز در نظام کشت مستقیم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی‌ارشد شناسایی و مبارزه با علف‌های هرز، گروه زراعت، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

2 گروه زراعت، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

3 موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، معاونت مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، آمل، ایران

چکیده

کشت مستقیم برنج یکی از روش‌های مرسوم کشت ‌و کار در دنیا بوده و چنانچه علف‌های هرز به‌طور صحیح کنترل شود؛ عملکرد برنج در کشت مستقیم تقریباً برابر با کشت نشایی خواهد شد. در پژوهش حاضر تیمار‌ها شامل سه رقم مختلف برنج طارم هاشمی، شیرودی و ندا تحت شش روش مدیریتی علف‌هرز (بدون وجین، دو بار وجین، استفاده از مالچ پوسته برنج، علف‌کش تریافامون+اتوکسی سولفورون، علف‌کش تریافامون+ اتوکسی سولفورون + وجین و وجین کامل) در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده نشان داد که بیشینه ارتفاع و تعداد پنجه به‌ترتیب در رقم طارم هاشمی و وجین کامل علف‌هرز و رقم شیرودی تحت روش وجین کامل علف‌هرز مشاهده شد. حداکثر تعداد دانه پر و همچنین بالاترین وزن هزار دانه نیز در تیمار کنترل کامل علف‌هرز مشاهده شد. بیشینه عملکرد دانه (5/8192 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در رقم شیرودی همراه با وجین کامل علف‌هرز مشاهده شد که با تیمارهای ندا و وجین کامل علف‌هرز و شیرودی با مدیریت تلفیق علف‌کش + وجین علف‌هرز در یک گروه آماری قرار گرفت. عدم کنترل علف‌هرز در رقم طارم هاشمی، ندا و شیرودی به‌ترتیب موجب کاهش 2/38، 3/63 و 7/61 درصدی عملکرد دانه نسبت به کنترل کامل علف‌هرز شد. نتایج مقایسه میانگین داده‌های حاصل از تراکم و وزن خشک علف‌هرز نشان داد که در هر سه مرحله نمونه‌برداری، کمترین تراکم و وزن خشک علف‌هرز مربوط به تیمار مصرف علف‌کش + وجین در رقم شیرودی بود. از آنجاکه کاربرد علف‌کش تریافامون+اتوکسی سولفورون به همراه وجین ضمن کاهش تراکم و وزن خشک علف‌هرز، موجب بهبود عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد هر سه رقم برنج شد، لذا می‌توان از این روش مدیریتی برای کنترل مؤثرتر علف‌هرز و حصول عملکرد مناسب در این نظام کشت استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 26 آبان 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 23 بهمن 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 04 اسفند 1400
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 04 اسفند 1400

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