بررسی اثر حاصلخیزکننده‌های مختلف فسفر بر خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی رنگدانه‏‌های فتوسنتزی و قندهای محلول در گلرنگ تحت شرایط کمبود آب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه شاهد

چکیده

به‏‌منظور بررسی اثر کاربرد حاصلخیزکننده‌‏های مختلف آلی و شیمیایی فسفر بر میزان رنگدانه‏‌های فتوسنتزی رقم گلرنگ بهاره (IL111) در تنش خشکی آزمایشی به‌صورت اسپلیت-‌فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‏‌های کامل تصادفی با سه‌تکرار در مزرعه پژوهشی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شاهد، در سال زراعی 91-1390 اجرا گردید. عامل اصلی شامل تنش خشکی در سه‌سطح: آبیاری کامل یا بدون تنش (آبیاری بر اساس تخلیه 50‌درصد رطوبت ظرفیت‌زراعی)، تنش خشکی در مرحله رشد رویشی (آبیاری بر اساس تخلیه 75‌درصد رطوبت ظرفیت‌زراعی) و تنش در مرحله زایشی (آبیاری بر اساس تخلیه 75‌درصد رطوبت ظرفیت‌زراعی) و عامل فرعی به‌صورت فاکتوریل شامل شش‌تیمار که سه سطح آن کود شیمیایی فسفر با مقادیر (صفر، 50 و 100‌کیلوگرم سوپر‌فسفات‌تریپل در هکتار) و کود زیستی فسفر بارور-2، در 2‌سطح (تلقیح و بدون‌تلقیح با بارور2) بود. بررسی صفات مورد‌مطالعه نشان‌داد که با اعمال تنش در مرحله رشد رویشی و زایشی، بیش‌ترین مقدار کلروفیل‌a، b و کلروفیل کل در تیمار به‌کارگیری کود زیستی فسفر بارور‌2 با مصرف 100‌کیلوگرم در هکتار کود شیمیایی فسفر بود. در سطح تنش زایشی، مصرف بالای کود فسفر در تیمار عدم به‌کارگیری کود زیستی فسفر بارور‌2، بیش‌ترین تأثیر را در افزایش نسبت کلروفیل‌a به b داشت. اما در تیمار تلقیح کود زیستی، بیش‌ترین میزان نسبت کلروفیل‌a به b از کم‌ترین سطح کودی فسفر به میزان 50کیلوگرم در هکتار فسفر حاصل‌شد. مقایسه میانگین‏ ها نشان‌داد که بیش‌ترین مقدار کاروتنوئیدها، fv/fm، آنتوسیانین، فلاونوئیدها و قندهای محلول در تیمار بدون کود‌زیستی فسفر بارور 2 از مصرف 50کیلوگرم فسفر در هکتار در شرایط تنش رویشی و زایشی به دست آمد. در سطح تنش در مرحله زایشی، تلقیح کود زیستی همراه با مصرف 50کیلوگرم در هکتار کود فسفر، میزان آنتوسیانین و قندهای محلول برگ را به‌طور معنی‌داری افزایش داد. در‌حالی‌که مقدار کاروتنوئید و فلاونوئیدها در تیمار به‌کارگیری کود زیستی بدون‌استفاده از کود فسفر افزایش داشت. در مجموع نتایج این تحقیق نشان‌داد که کاربرد کود زیستی به‌همراه کود فسفر، نقش مؤثری در افزایش صفات مورد‌مطالعه گلرنگ در شرایط تنش خشکی داشته‌است.

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