اثر سطوح نیترات آمونیوم بر مخلوط جو (Hordeum vulgare L.) و ماشک گل‌خوشه‌ای (Vicia Villosa) در شرایط رقابت علف هرز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری اکولوژی گیاهان زراعی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرج، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 گروه زراعت، پردیس کشاورزی کرج و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 بخش تحقیقات چغندر قند، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان همدان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، همدان، ایران

4 انستیتو زراعت، دانشگاه لیسبون، پرتغال

چکیده

این آزمایش به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سال زراعی 99-1398 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران انجام شد. کرت‌های اصلی شامل سه سطح کود نیترات آمونیوم (صفر، 35 و 70 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و کرت‌های فرعی شامل نسبت‌های مختلف مخلوط جو و ماشک گل‌خوشه‌ای (100% جو (B100)- 80% جو: 20% ماشک گل‌خوشه‌ای (B80+V20)- 80% جو: 45% ماشک گل‌خوشه‌ای (B80+V45)- 80% جو: 70% ماشک گل‌خوشه‌ای (B80+V70)-100% ماشک گل‌خوشه‌ای (V100)- 80% ماشک گل‌خوشه‌ای: 20% جو (V80+ B20)- 80% ماشک گل‌خوشه‌ای: 45% جو (V80+ B45)- 80% ماشک گل‌خوشه‌ای: 70% جو (V80+ B70)) و وجین و عدم وجین علف هرز در سه تکرار بود. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین عملکرد دانه جو (44/432 گرم بر مترمربع) مربوط به تک‌کشتی جو، 70 کیلوگرم نیترات آمونیوم و کنترل علف هرز بود که تفاوت معنی‌داری با کشت مخلوط B80+V45، 70 کیلوگرم نیترات آمونیوم و کنترل علف هرز نداشت. همچنین بیشترین عملکرد دانه ماشک (47/161 گرم بر مترمربع) در تیمار تک‌کشتی ماشک و کاربرد 70 کیلوگرم نیترات آمونیوم و کنترل علف هرز به‌دست آمد که تفاوت معنی‌داری با تیمار کشت مخلوط V80+B20 کاربرد 70 کیلوگرم نیترات آمونیوم و کنترل علف هرز نداشت. بیشترین میزان وزن خشک علف هرز (62/231 گرم بر مترمربع) در تیمار تک‌کشتی ماشک و کاربرد 70 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود نیترات آمونیوم مشاهده شد. بیشترین میزان نسبت برابری زمین LER (68/1) مربوط به تیمار V80+B70 و عدم کاربرد کود نیترات آمونیوم و در شرایط کنترل علف هرز می‌باشد. در بسیاری از نسبت‌های کشت مخلوط افزایشی عملکرد دانه گیاهان در حالت وجین و عدم وجین علف‌های هرز تفاوت معنی‌داری با یکدیگر نداشت که نشان‌دهنده‌ی موفقیت کشت مخلوط افزایشی در جذب نیتروژن و سرکوب علف‌های هرز می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 24 اسفند 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 24 مرداد 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 27 مرداد 1401
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 30 مرداد 1401

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