به‌گزینی ژنوتیپ‌های نخود برای تحمل به سرما در شرایط کنترل‌‌شده

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

موسسه تحقیقات کشاورزی دیم کشور

چکیده

در این مطالعه تحمل به یخ‌زدگی 33 ژنوتیپ‌ نخود موجود در آزمایش‌های مقایسه عملکرد پیشرفته مناطق سردسیر دیم و سه ژنوتیپ شاهد (سارال، ILC 533 و جم) در اتاقک سرما و در قالب طرح لاتیس مربع با دو تکرار بررسی شد. کشت در هفتم مهر ماه انجام و تا مرحله شش هفتگی در بیرون از گلخانه نگهداری و تعداد بذرهای سبز شده آنها یادداشت گردید. گیاهچه‌ها به مدت یک ساعت در معرض سرمای 15- درجه سانتی‌گراد قرار گرفته و سپس به مدت سه روز به اطاقک رشد (دمای 4+ درجه سانتی‌گراد) منتقل شدند. گیاهان در شرایط گلخانه به مدت دو هفته و در دمای 3±20 درجه سانتی‌گراد نگهداری و تعداد گیاه‌چه‌های باقیمانده ژنوتیپ‌ها ثبت شد. نتایج نشان داد که تفاوت معنی‌داری بین ژنوتیپ‌ها از نظر نسبت مقاومت به یخ‌زدگی وجود داشت. لاین‌های شماره 14( (Flip98-138C*SEL99TER85074)*SEL99TH15039)، 28(FLIP 00-84 C) و رقم سارال به‌ترتیب با 100، 98 و 89 درصد بقاء دارای بیشترین تحمل به یخ‌زدگی بودند. رقم نخود کاکا و لاین شماره 12((Flip 98-28C*Flip 98-22C)* ICCV2) با میزان بقای پنج درصد دارای کمترین تحمل در برابر یخ‌زدگی بودند. جمع‌بندی نتایج ضمن تأیید وجود منابع ژنتیکی متحمل به سرما در ژرم‌پلاسم مورد مطالعه، نشان داد که امکان دسترسی به ژنوتیپ‌هایی با تحمل به سرمای بیشتر از رقم سارال به‌عنوان اولین رقم متحمل به یخبندان، جهت کشت پاییزه در مناطق سردسیر دیم وجود دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


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