بررسی اثر سطوح مختلف شوری بر برخی خصوصیات فتوسنتزی ارقام کلزا (Brassica napus L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

چکیده

شوری یکی از مهمترین عوامل محدودکننده تولید محصولات زراعی در مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک جهان است که عملکرد گیاه زراعی را تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهد. به منظور مطالعه تغییرات فرآیند تثبیت کربن و رنگدانه‌های فتوسنتزی سه ژنوتیپ کلزا تحت تنش شوری، آزمایشی در شرایط گلخانه به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار انجام شد. عامل اول شامل ژنوتیپ‌های مختلف کلزا (هایولا 401، RGS0003 و شیرالی) و عامل دوم تیمار آبیاری با آب شور دارای چهار سطح شامل شاهد (آب معمولی)، 50، 100 و 150 میلی‌مولار با استفاده از منابع کلریدسدیم و کلریدکلسیم به نسبت مساوی یک به یک بود. نتایج نشان داد که آبیاری با آب شور باعث کاهش معنی‌دار هدایت روزنه‌ای در هر سه ژنوتیپ شد. میزان کلروفیل‌های a، b و کاروتنوئیدها در هر سه ژنوتیپ تا سطح شوری 100 میلی‌مولار افزایش و در 150 میلی‌مولار کاهش یافت. با افزایش شوری تجمع منیزیم نسبت به شاهد بیشتر شد. میزان نشاسته برگ در ژنوتیپ شیرالی تا سطح شوری 150 میلی‌مولار افزایش معنی‌دار داشت. روند تغییرات هدایت روزنه‌ای در سطح 50 میلی‌مولار تا اوایل گلدهی شبیه به شاهد بوده ولی در اواخر گلدهی کاهش شدید داشت. در سطوح شوری 100 و 150 میلی‌مولار هدایت روزنه‌ای کمتر از شاهد بود. به نظر می‌رسد ژنوتیپ شیرالی با استفاده از ساز و کارهای اجتناب از تنش مانند حفظ محتوای نسبی آب، همچنین افزایش محتوای کلروفیل‌های a و b تا سطح 100میلی‌مولار و نیز تجمع منیزیم تا سطح 150 میلی‌مولار، تنش شوری را تحمل کرده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


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