بررسی عملکرد و ارزش غذایی علوفه ماش (Vigna radiata L.) تحت تأثیر کود پتاسیم در شرایط خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

پژوهشکده کشاورزی، پژوهشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

چکیده

کاهش عملکرد گیاهان زراعی در اثر کم‌آبی، تحقیقات کشاورزی را به سمت روش‌های مختلف کاستن اثرات منفی خشکی مانند کاربرد کودهای پتاسیمی سوق داده است. بدین منظور آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت‌های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال زراعی 97-1396 در مزرعه پژوهشکده کشاورزی بر روی گیاه ماش اجرا شد. عامل اصلی تنش خشکی در سه سطح (آبیاری پس از 60، 90 و 120 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشتک کلاس A) و تیمار کود پتاسیم در چهار سطح (0، 85، 170 و 255 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در کرت‌های فرعی بود. نتایج نشان داد، در تیمار آبیاری شاهد + کاربرد کود پتاسیم (kg.ha-1 170) نسبت به عدم مصرف کود، ارتفاع بوته و عملکرد زیستی به‌ترتیب به میزان 9/37% و 6/89% افزایش یافت. در تیمار 60 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشتک کلاس A + تیمار کود پتاسیم ( kg.ha-1255) نسبت به عدم مصرف کود، قابلیت هضم ماده خشک به میزان 12/30% افزایش و الیاف نامحلول در شوینده خنثی و اسیدی به میزان 28/44% و 83/43% کاهش یافت. بیشترین مقدار کربوهیدرات محلول در آب (3/18%) از تیمار 120 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشتک کلاس A + کاربرد 170 کیلوگرم کود پتاسیم و بالاترین مقدار پروتئین خام (81/22%) از تیمار 90 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشتک کلاس A + کاربرد 170 کیلوگرم کود پتاسیم به‌دست آمد. با توجه به نتایج پژوهش، ترکیب کودی 170 و 255 کیلوگرم در هکتار پتاسیم در شرایط بدون تنش و تنش رطوبتی برای حفظ کیفیت و عملکرد علوفه ماش در منطقه سیستان توصیه می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

مراجع

  1. Afsharmanesh, G. 2009. Study of some morphological traits and selection of drought resistant alfalfa cultivars (Medicago sativa) in Jiroft, Iran. Plant Ecophysiology 3: 109-118.
  2. Aghjeli, A. H., Nakhzari Moghaddam, A., Rahemi Karizaki, A., and Gholamalipour Alamdari. E. 2018. Effect of supplemental irrigation and splitting nitrogen on quantity and quality of mung bean (Vigna radiata). Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences 11 (3): 591-602. (in Persian). DOI: 10.22077/escs.2018.849.1167
  3. Anrist-Rangel, Y. 2008. Quantifying mineral source of potassium in agricultural soils. PhD Thesis, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 105 p.
  4. Arti, S., Surekha, A., and Minal, M. 2014. Potassium solublisers: occurrence, mechanism and their role as competent biofertilizers. International Journal of Current Microbiology Applied Science 3 (9): 622-629.
  5. Aydin, N., Mut, Z., Mut, H., and Ayan, I. 2010. Effect of autumn and spring sowing dates on hay yield and quality of oat (Avena sativa ) genotypes. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 9 (10): 1539-1545. DOI: 10.3923/javaa.2010.1539.1545
  6. Azizabadi, E., Golchin, A., and Delavar, M. A. 2014. Effects of Potassium and drought stress on growth indices and mineral content of safflower leaf. Journal of Science and Technology of Greenhouse Culture 5 (19): 65-79. (in Persian).
  7. Dadresan, M., Chaichi, M. R., Hosseini, S. M. B., Pourbabaei, A. A., and Yazdani, D. 2017. Effects of different fertilizing systems (chemical, biological and integrated) and irrigation regimes on the qualitative characteristics of forage and trigonelline content in fenugreek (Trigonella foenum- graecum). Journal of Agroecology 7 (1): 33-49. (in Persian with English abstract).
  8. Daneshian, J., Majidei, A., Noormohamaddi, G. H., and Jonobi, P. 2006. Investigation of drought effects and application of different quantities of potassium on soybeans, Ninth Congress of Agronomy and Plant Breeding (Abstracts), September 5-7, Abourihan Campus, Tehran University, 138-150 pages.
  9. Demidchik, V., Cuin, T. A., Svistunenko, D., Smith, S. J., Miller, A. J., Shabala, S., Sokolik, A., and Yurin, V. 2010. Arabidopsis root K+-efflux conductance activated by hydroxyl radicals: single-channel properties, genetic basis and involvement in stress-induced cell death. Journal of Cell Science 123 (9): 1468-1479. https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.064352
  10. Efeoglu, B., Ekmekci, Y., and Cicek, N. 2009. Physiological responses of three maize cultivars to drought stress and recovery. South African Journal of Botany 75 (1): 34-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2008.06.005
  11. Farahmandfar, M., Sharifi, P., and Safarzadeh Vishkaee, M. N. 2018. Effects of potassium sulphate fertilizer rates on some of qualitative and quantitative traits of forage corn (Zea mays) in different irrigation regimes. Journal of Crop Production 11 (1): 127-140. (in Persian). DOI: 10.22069/ejcp.2018.12928.2005
  12. Fredrick, J. R., Wooley, J. T., Hesketh, J. D., and Peters, D. B. 1991. Seed yield and erganomic traits of old and modern soybean cultivars under irrigation and soil water-deficit. Field Crop Research 27: 71-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-4290(91)90023-O
  13. Haung, B., and Duncan, R. R., and Carrow, R. N. 1997. Drought-Resistance Mechanisms of Seven Warm-Season Turfgrasses under Surface Soil Drying: I. Shoot Response. Crop Science 37: 1858-1663. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700060032x
  14. Heakal, L., and Modaish, K. 1990. Combined effects of leaching fraction, salinity and potassium content of water on growth and water use efficiency of wheat and barely. Plant and Soil 125: 177-184.
  15. Izadi, Y., Modarres Sanavy, S. A. M., and Tahmasebi Sarvestani, Z. 2021. The effect of Nano Fe and Mn chelated foliar application on mung bean yield and some of the quantitative characteristics under water deficit stress condition. Applied Research in Field Crops 33 (4): 19-39. (in Persian with English abstract). DOI: 22092/aj.2021.122218.1306
  16. Jafar dokht, R., Mosavi Nik, S. M., Mehraban, A., and Basiri, M. 2015. Effect of water stress and foliar micronutrient application on physiological cahracteristics and nutrient uptake in mung bean. Journal of Crop Production 8 (1): 121-141. (in Persian with English abstract).
  17. Jahanian, A. 2012. The effect of limited irrigation and growth promoting bacteria on quantity, quality and secondary metabolites of artichoke. Ph.D. Thesis. University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
  18. Jensen, E. S. 1996. Grain yield, symbiotic N2 fixation and interspecific competition for inorganic N in pea of barley intercrops. Plant and Soil 182: 25-38.
  19. Jensen, K. B., Waldron, B. L., Peel, M. D., Robins, J. G., and Monaco, T. A. 2007. Forage quality of irrigated pasture species as affected by irrigation rate. In Proceedings of the 28th Eucarpia Symposium on Improvement of Fodder Crops and Amenity Grasses, 19th–23th of August, Copenhagen, Denmark. pp. 532-535.
  20. Karami, S., Hadi, H., Tajbakhsh Shishavan, M., and Modarres-Sanavy, S. A. M. 2018. Effect of different levels of nitrogen and zeolite on chlorophyll content, quantity and quality of amaranth forage under deficit irrigation stress. Journal of Agricultural Crops Production 20 (1): 67-84. (in Persian with English abstract). DOI: 22059/jci.2018.230121.1771
  21. Karimian, M. A., Galavi, M.; Dahmardeh, M., and Kafi, M. 2014. Effect of drought stress and different levels of potassium on quantitative and qualitative forage yield of Kochia (Kochia scoparia). New Findings Agriculture 8 (3): 239-250. (in Persian with English abstract).
  22. Kataria, N., Rani, P., Dar, M., and Singh. H. 2014. Potassium to alleviate the adverse effect of water deficit in Mung bean (Vigna radiata Wilczek). International Journal of Current Research in Biosciences and Plant Biology 1 (3): 33-40.
  23. Kazemi, F., Habibi, D., Fathollahzade, E., Taleghani, D., Mashhadiakbar Bujar, M., and Jalilevand, H. 2008. Effect of drought stress on yield, yield components and antioxidant enzyme activity in different cultivars of red beans. Agriculture Research 1 (1): 81-93. (in Persian with English abstract).
  24. Kerstin, G., Juergen, K., Laura, F. H. D., Carl, C., and Anke, J. 2014. Water stress due to increased intra-annual precipitation variability reduced forage yield but raised forage quality of temperate grassland. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 186: 11-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.01.013
  25. Kessel, C. V., and Hartley, S. L. 2000. Agricultural management of grain legumes: has it led to an increase in nitrogen fixation? Field Crops Research 65 (2-3): 165-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4290(99)00085-4
  26. Kholdbarin, B., and Islamzadeh, T. 2005. Mineral nutrition plants (Translation), Vol 1. Shiraz University Publication.
  27. Kochert, G. 1978. Carbohydrate determination by the phenol sulfuric acid method: 56-97. In: Helebust, J. A., and Craig, J. S., (Eds.). Hand book of physiological method. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge.
  28. Maleki, A., Fazel, S., Naseri, R., Rezaei, K., and Heydari, M. 2014. The Effect of Potassium and Zinc Sulfate Application on Grain Yield of Maize under Drought Stress Conditions. Advances in Environmental Biology 8 (4): 890-893.
  29. Marschner, P. 2012. Marschner’s mineral nutrition of higher plants. 3rd Edition. Academic Press, London, UK. pp: 178-189.
  30. Nakhjavan, S., Bajolvand, M., Jafari, A. A., and Sepavand, K. 2011. Variation for yield and quality traits in populations of sainfoin (Onobrychis sativa). American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences 10 (3): 380-386.
  31. Nasrollah Zadeh Asl, P., Shirkhani, A., Zehtab Salmasi S., and Chokan, R. 2016. Effect of chemical and biological fertilizers on grain yield and corn leaf characteristics in different irrigation conditions. Journal of Agricultural Practice Research 29 (4): 75-86. (in Persian with English abstract).
  32. Nesmith, D. S., and Ritchie, J. T. 1992. Effect of soil water–deficits during tassel emergence on development of maize (Zea Mays ). Field Crops Research 28 (3): 251-256. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-4290(92)90044-A
  33. Pettigrew, W. T. 2008. Potassium influences on yield and quality production for maize, wheat, soybean and cotton. Physiologia Plantarum 133: 670-681. DOI: 1111/j.1399-3054.2008.01073.x
  34. Rezaei Sokht-Abandani, R., Siadat, S. A., Pazoki, A., Lack, S. H., and Mojddam. M. 2020. Effect of drought stress, different levels of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer on some physiological and agronomical traits of maize hybrid (Zea mays cv. single cross 704). Journal of Plant Ecophysiology 12 (40): 40-52. (in Persian with English abstract).
  35. Ruiz, J. M., and Romero, L. 1999. Nitrogen efficiency and metabolism in grafted melon. Scientia Horticulturae 81: 113-123. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4238(98)00200-3
  36. Sabzi, S., Tahmasebi, Z., and Barari, M., 2017. Study of the yield and some important traits of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) genotypes at different moisture levels. Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences 10 (1): 21-30. (in Persian with English abstract). DOI: 22077/escs.1396.528
  37. Sadeghipour, O., and Aghaei, P. 2014. Investigation the effect of drought stress and magnetized water on yield and yield components of mung bean. Journal of Crop Production Research 6 (1): 79-86. (in Persian with English abstract).
  38. Salehi, M., Faramarzi, A., Farboodi, M., Mohebalipour, N., and Ajalli, J. 2021. Symbiosis effects of Mycorrhizal and Pseudomonas on morphophysiological traits of mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) under moisture stressed condition. Iranian Journal of Pulses Research 12 (1): 111-126. DOI: 22067/ijpr.v12i1.84409
  39. Sharifi, P., Karbalavi, N., and Aminpanah, H. 2014. Effects of drought stress and potassium sulfate fertilizer on green bean yield. Journal of Crop Production 6 (4): 137-149. (in Persian with English abstract).
  40. Tabatabaei, S. J. 2009. Principles of mineral nutrition of plants. First edition. Author Publications. Tabriz. 562 pp.
  41. Valadabadi, S. A. R., Aliabadi Farahani, H., and Khalvati, M. A. 2009. Evaluation of grain growth of corn and sorghum under K2O application and irrigation according. Asian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 1: 19-24.
  42. Valizdeh, R., Mahmoudi-Abyane, M., and Ganjavi, R. 2016. Chemical composition, in vitro digestibility and fermentative gas production of Kochia scoparia irrigated by water containing different level of salinity. Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research 8 (2): 238-247. (in Persian with English abstract). DOI: 22067/ijasr.v8i2.27715
  43. Van Soest, P. J., Robertson, J. B., and Lewis, B. A. 1991. Methods of fiber, neutral detergent fiber and non starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science 74: 3583-3597. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2
  44. Wakrim, R., Wahabi, S., Tahi, H., Aganchich, B., and Serraj, R. 2005. Comparative effect of partial root drying (PRD) and regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) on water relation and water use efficiency in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). Agriculture Ecosystem Enviroment 106: 275-287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2004.10.019
  45. Wang, M., Zheng, Q., Shen, Q., and Guo, S. 2013. The critical role of potassium in plant stress response. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 14: 7370-7390. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms14047370
  46. Weinberg, Z., Landau, S., Bar-Tal, A., Chen, Y., Gamburg, M., Brener, S., and Dvash, L. 2005. Ensiling safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) as an alternative winter forage crop in Israel. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the 15th International Silage Conference. Belfast.
  47. Xiao, X., Xu, X., and Yang, F. 2008. Adaptive responses to progressive drought stress in two Populus cathayana populations. Silva Fennica 42 (5): 705-719.
  48. Zarifinia, N., Farzadi, H., and Khoramian, M. 2018. Effect of potassium sulfate on chlorophyll and drought toleranceindexin the Mungbean genotypes in the north of Khuzestan Province. Plant Ecophysiology 33: 68-78.
  49. Zhang, L., Gao, M., Li, S., Alva, A. K., and Ashraf, M. 2014. Potassium fertilization mitigates the adverse effects of drought on selected Zea mays Turkish Journal of Botany 38 (4): 713-723.
  50. Zorb, C., Senbayram, M., and Peiter, E. 2014. Potassium in agriculture- Status and perspectives. Journal of Plant Physiology 171 (9): 656-669. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2013.08.008
ارسال نظر در مورد این مقاله
CAPTCHA Image

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 02 شهریور 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 09 خرداد 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 10 خرداد 1401
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 10 خرداد 1401

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار