نیتروژن یک نقش مهم و حیاتی در تولید غذا برای انسان و دام دارد و مدیریت نیتروژن در تولید غذا ضروری است. این پژوهش به منظور بهره‌گیری از مجموعه اقدامات زراعی مطلوب و با هدف بهبود کارآمدی مصرف نیتروژن طی دو سال زراعی 98-1397 و 99-1398 در مزرعه‌ای در دشت کرات تایباد اجرا شد. در این تحقیق عامل تناوب زراعی در چهار سطح آیش‌ـ‌گندم، منداب‌ـ‌گندم، ماش‌ـ‌گندم و ذرت‌ـ‌گندم و عامل کود نیتروژن در سه مقدار 360، 180 و صفر کیلوگرم در هکتار کود اوره به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که تناوب زراعی و کود نیتروژن به‌طور معنی‌داری بر محتوای نیتروژن گیاه، شاخص برداشت و کارایی نیتروژن موثر بود. همچنین تیمار منداب-گندم و ماش-گندم بدون مصرف کود نیتروژن به‌ترتیب بهترین کارایی جذب و کارایی زراعی نیتروژن را از خود نشان دادند. همچنین مقدار کارایی جذب و کارایی زراعی در همه تناوب‌های زراعی به‌جز ذرت-گندم در سال دوم نسبت به سال اول بهبود یافت. افزایش حاصلخیزی خاک ناشی از افزایش کربن و نیتروژن آلی و کاهش تلفات آن مهم‌ترین دلایل بهبود کارایی نیتروژن بودند. نتایج به وضوح نشان داد که با وجود افزایش حاصلخیزی خاک ناشی از تناوب زراعی، تامین کود نیتروژن ضروری است، در غیر این صورت باعث کاهش محتوای نیتروژن گیاه و شاخص برداشت نیتروژن خواهد شد.
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