Estimation of Cardinal Temperatures of (Echium amoenum) with Application of Regression Models

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

• A Lashkari
• P Rezvani Moghaddam
• A Amin Ghafori

10.22067/gsc.v12i2.39141

Abstract

In order to investigate the germination characteristics and cardinals temperatures of Echium amoenum, a laboratory experiment was conducted in Faculty of Agriculture Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in 2009. The layout of experiment was a completely randomized design with 6 replications. Treatments consisted of 8 constant temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 oC). The characteristics such as percentage of seed germination, rate of seed germination, dry weight of radicle and plumule and plumule, radicle length were recorded. The seeds of Echium amoenum were monitored for variability in germination criteria based on two regression models namely: Five- parameters Beta (FPB) and Intersected-Lines (ISL) models. The effect of temperature on germination percentage and germination rate, dry weight of radicle and plumule, and plumule, radicle length were significant. The highest germination percentage and germination rate were obtained in 25 0C. Based on the regression between germination rate and temperature in Echium amoenum, the cardinal temperatures (Tbase, Topt and Tmax) were: 4.99-5.66, 23-29.23 and 39.12-40.36 0C. The results showed that the Five-parameters Beta model was estimated better than Intersected-Lines model in terms of cardinal temperature.

Keywords

• Cardinal temperature
• Germination
• Medicinal plant
• Plumule
• Radicle

20.1001.1.20081472.1393.12.2.2.7

---

References

1- بی نام. 1387. گل گاوزبان ایرانی (Echium amoenum). http://akesh.persianblog.ir/post/47

2- پورطوسی، ن.، م.ح. راشدمحصل و ا. ایزدی دربندی. 1387. تعیین دماهای کاردینال جوانه زنی بذرهای خرفه، سلمه و علف خرچنگ. مجله پژوهش‌های زراعی ایران. 6 : 261-255.

3- تبریزی، ل.، ع. کوچکی، م. نصیری محلاتی و پ. رضوانی مقدم.1386. ارزیابی خصوصیات جوانه زنی بذر دو توده زراعی و طبیعی آویشن خراسانی (Thymus transcaspicus Klokov) با استفاده از مدلهای رگرسیونی. مجله پژوهش‌های زراعی ایران. 5 : 257- 249.

4- حجازی، ا. 1373. تکنولوژی بذر. انتشارات دانشگاه تهران.

5- سیاح برگرد، م.، ح. بوستانی، م. سیاح، ف. فضیله، م. کمالی نژاد و ش. آخوند زاده. 1384. اثر بخشی عصاره آبی گل گاوزبان (Echium amoenum) در درمان اختلال وسواسی- اجباری. فصلنامه گیاهان دارویی، 15: 50-43.

6- صالح زاده، ع. و ه. صمصام شریعت. 1368. بررسی گونه‌های مختلف گاوزبان موجود در بازار داروهای گیاهی ایران و مقایسه با گونه‌های استاندارد. پایان نامه دکترای داروسازی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان.

7- قهرمان، ا. 1357. فلور رنگی ایران، جلد اول، انتشارات انجمن ملی حفاظت منابع طبیعی و محیط انسانی، شماره 7.

8- نادری حاجی باقر کندی، م.، و م. ب. رضایی. 1383. بررسی فیتوشیمیایی گل گاوزبان (amoenum Echium). فصلنامه پژوهشی تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران، 20(3):383-377.

9- ناقدی نیا، ن. و پ. رضوانی مقدم. 1388. ارزیابی درجه حرارتهای حداقل، بهینه و حداکثر جوانه زنی کرامب. مجله پژوهش‌های زراعی ایران. 7: 455-451.

10- نجفی، ف.، ع. کوچکی، پ. رضوانی مقدم و م. راستگو. 1386. بررسی خصوصیات جوانه زنی گیاه دارویی بومی و در حال انقراض پونه سای بینالودی (Nepeta binaludensis Jamzad). مجله پژوهش‌های زراعی ایران. 4 :392- 385.

11- Addae, P. C., and C. J. Pearson. 1992. Thermal requirement for germination and seedling growth of wheat. Aust. J. of Agric. Res. 43:585-594.

12- Adam, N. R., D. A. Dierig, T. A. Coffelt and M. J. Wintermeyer. 2007. Cardinal temperatures for germination and early growth of two Lesquerella species. Industrial Crops and Products. 25: 24-33.

13- Aflakpui, G. K. S., P. G. Gregory and R. J. Froud-williams. 1998. Effect of temperature on seed germination rate of Striga hermontica Benth. Crop Protec. 17: 129-133.

14- Alvarado, V., and K. J. Bradford. 2002. A hydrothermal time model explains the cardinal temperatures for seed germination. Plant, Cell and Environment. 25: 1061-1069.

15- Bannayan, M., F. Nadjafi, M. Rastgoo and L. Tabrizi. 2006. Germination properties of some wild medicinal plants from Iran. Journal of Seed Technology. 28:80-86.

16- Bewely, D., and M. Black. 1994. Seeds. Physiology of development and germination. Second edition, Pleum press, New York and London. 445pp.

17- Bradford, K. J. 2002. Application of hydrothermal time to quntifying and modeling seed germination and dormancy. Weed Sci., 50: 248-260.

18- Hill, M., and R. Luck. 1991. The effect of temperature on germination and seedling growth of temperate perennial pasture legumes. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 42:175-189.

19- Iannucci, A., N. Di Fonzo and P. Martinello. 2000. Temperature requirements for seed germination in four annual clovers grown under two irrigation treatment. Seed Science and Technology. 28:59-66.

20- Jame, Y. W., and H. W. Cutforth. 2004. Simulating the effects of temperature and seeding depth on germination and emergence of spring wheat. Agric. Forest. Meteol.124:207-218.

21- Jordan, G. L., and M. R. Haferkamp. 1989. Temperature responses and calculated heat units for germination of several range grasses and shrubs. Journal of Range Management. 42: 41-45.

22- Kamkar, B., A. Koocheki, M. Nassiri Mahallati and P. Rezvani Moghaddam. 2006. Cardinal temperatures for germination in three millet species (Panicum miliaceum, Pennisetum glaucum and Setaria italica). Asian Journal of Plant Sciences. 5: 316-319.

23- Kocabas, Z., J. Craigon and S. N. Azam Ali. 1999. The germination response of bambara groundnut (Vigna sublerrannean(L)Verdo) to temperature. Seed Science and Technology. 27:87-99.

24- Phartyal, S. S., R. C. Thapial , J. S. Nayal, M. M. S. Rawat and G. Joshi. 2003. The influence of temperatures on seed germination rate in Himalaya elm(Ulmus wallichiana). Seed Science and Technology. 25:419-426.

25- Riemens, M. M., P. C. Scheepens, and R. Y. Van der Weide, 2004. Dormancy, germination and emergence of weed seeds, with emphasis on influence of light. Plant Research International B. V, 302: 1-2.

26-Summerfield, R. J., R. H. Roberts, R. M. Ellis and R. J. Lawan. 1991. Towards the reliable prediction of time to flowering in six annual crops. I. the development of simple model for fluctuating field environment. Experimental Agriculture.27: 11-31.

27- Tabrizi, L., M. Nasiri Mahallati, and A. Koocheki, 2004. Investigation on the cardinal temperature for germination on Plantago ovata and Plantago psyllium. Journal of Iranian Field Crops Research. 2: 143-150.

28- Yin, X. 1996. Quantifying the effects of temperature and photoperiod on phonological development to flowering in rice. PhD thesis, Wageningen. Agricultural University, The Netherland, 173 pp.

29- Wise, A. N. and L. K. Binning. 1987. Calculating the threshold Temperature of Development for Weeds. Weed Science. 35: 177-179.