اثر کاربرد کودهای زیستی، شیمیایی و آلی بر برخی ویژگی‌های کیفی علوفه ماشک ‌گل‌خوشه‌ای (Vicia villosa Roth) در شرایط گلخانه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

مدیریت کود یک عامل مهم در موفقیت کشت گیاهان زراعی می‌باشد. کاربرد کودهای زیستی در تولید این گیاهان با هدف حذف یا کاهش قابل‌ملاحظه مصرف نهاده‌های شیمیایی و هم‌چنین افزایش حاصلخیزی خاک و بهبود رشد و کیفیت گیاه، از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار است. به‌منظور بررسی واکنش برخی از ویژگی‌های کیفی علوفه ماشک‌ گل‌خوشه‌ای به استفاده از کودهای زیستی، شیمیایی و آلی، آزمایشی به‌صورت طرح کامل تصادفی و در سه تکرار انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل سه نوع کود بیولوژیک و تلفیق آن‌ها با یک‌دیگر و ورمی‌کمپوست و کود شیمیایی به شرح زیر بود: 1- قارچ میکوریزا‌آربسکولار گونه Glomus mosseae + ورمی‌کمپوست، 2- قارچ میکوریزا + نیتروکسین (حاوی باکتری‌های Azospirillum sp. و sp. Azotobacter)، 3- قارچ میکوریزا‌+‌ریزوبیوم (R. legominuzarum)، 4- قارچ میکوریزا‌+‌کود شیمیایی NPK، 5- قارچ میکوریزا Glomus mosseae و 6- شاهد. در این آزمایش، هرچند تیمارها اثر معنی‌داری بر میزان خاکستر، NDF و ADF نداشتند، اما بر صفات و ویژگی‌های پروتئین خام، گوارش‌پذیری ماده خشک و گوارش‌پذیری ماده آلی دارای اثر معنی‌داری بود. نتایج نشان‌داد که بیش‌ترین درصد پروتئین خام (33/27‌درصد)، خاکستر (96/4‌درصد)و گوارش‌پذیری ماده آلی (86/77‌درصد) در تیمار تلفیقی میکوریزا و ریزوبیوم و بیش‌ترین درصد گوارش‌پذیری ماده خشک (44/73‌درصد) از تیمار تلفیقی کود میکوریزا و نیتروکسین حاصل شد. با توجه به نتایج آزمایش، بهترین تیمار کودی برای ماشک گل‌خوشه‌ای مخلوط قارچ میکوریزا و کود زیستی ریزوبیوم پیشنهاد می‌گردد.

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