اثر محلول‌پاشی عصاره جلبک دریایی بر رشد و عملکرد ژنوتیپ‌های مختلف گیاه کینوا (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه ژنتیک و به‌نژادی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرج، کرج، ایران

2 مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر سطوح مختلف کود عصاره جلبک دریایی بر رشد و عملکرد ژنوتیپ‌های مختلف کینوا (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)، آزمایشی به‌صورت اسپلیت پلات بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. عامل اصلی اثر عصاره جلبک دریایی در سه سطح شاهد (بدون عصاره جلبک دریایی)، محلول‌پاشی با عصاره جلبک دریایی 10 درصد و محلول‌پاشی با عصاره جلبک دریایی 20 درصد بود. عامل فرعی نیز نوع ژنوتیپ کینوا شامل پنج ژنوتیپ جیزا 1، تیتیکاکا، رزادا، کانکولا و Q12 بود. اثر استفاده از عصاره جلبک دریایی بر صفات روز تا گل‌دهی، روز تا رسیدگی فیزیولوژیک، طول گل‌آذین، وزن هزاردانه و محتوای ساپونین دانه در سطح یک درصد و بر صفت ارتفاع بوته در سطح پنج درصد معنی‌دار شد. اثر ساده ژنوتیپ بر تمامی صفات به غیر از صفت وزن هزاردانه در سطح یک درصد معنی­دار بود. اثر متقابل کود × ژنوتیپ، بر صفت روز تا گل‌دهی در سطح پنج درصد معنی‌دار بود. استفاده از عصاره جلبک دریایی موجب کاهش تعداد روز تا گل‌دهی (3.8 روز)، روز تا رسیدگی (4.8 روز)، ارتفاع بوته (پنج درصد) و طول گل‌آذین (10 درصد) شد؛ بااین‌حال بر میزان عملکرد دانه، وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی اثری نداشت. بالاترین عملکرد دانه مربوط به ژنوتیپ Q12 (2477 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و بالاترین وزن هزاردانه مربوط به ژنوتیپ جیزا 1 (2.47 گرم) بود. ارتفاع بوته همبستگی منفی معنی‌داری با عملکرد دانه و وزن هزاردانه نشان داد. با توجه به نتایج این پژوهش، استفاده از عصاره جلبک دریایی جهت کاهش طول دوره رشد قابل‌توصیه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

©2025 The author(s). This is an open access article distributed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 02 اردیبهشت 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 03 مهر 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 14 مهر 1403
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