بررسی اثر کاربرد کود دامی و کم‌آبیاری بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد سیاه‌دانه (Nigella sativa)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

ایوب رستمی مامو

فرزاد مندنی

گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

10.22067/jcesc.2025.91527.1376

چکیده

این مطالعه با هدف بررسی اثر کود دامی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه و همچنین عملکرد اسانس سیاه‌دانه (Nigella sativa) در شرایط قطع آبیاری انجام شد. آزمایش به‌صورت اسپلیت پلات در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در دانشگاه رازی در سال زراعی 1401-1400 اجرا شد. کود دامی (صفر، 10، 20 و 30 تن در هکتار) به‌عنوان عامل کرت اصلی و قطع آبیاری (آبیاری متداول، قطع آبیاری از مرحله گل‌دهی و قطع آبیاری از مرحله پر شدن دانه) به‌عنوان عامل کرت فرعی بود. ویژگی‌های اندازه‌گیری‌شده شامل ارتفاع بوته، شاخه اصلی، تعداد فولیکول، تعداد دانه در فولیکول، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد وزن خشک کل، عملکرد دانه، درصد اسانس، عملکرد اسانس و شاخص برداشت بود. نتایج نشان داد که کود دامی و قطع آبیاری بر ویژگی‌های مورد ارزیابی تأثیرگذار بودند. بیشترین وزن هزار دانه (1.69 گرم)، عملکرد وزن خشک کل (251.5 گرم در مترمربع)، عملکرد دانه (108.7 گرم در مترمربع) و عملکرد اسانس دانه (18.7 گرم در مترمربع) و کمترین وزن هزار دانه (1.39 گرم)، عملکرد وزن خشک کل (125.3 گرم در مترمربع)، عملکرد دانه (44.3 گرم در مترمربع) و عملکرد اسانس دانه (8.2 گرم در مترمربع) به‌ترتیب در تیمار 30 تن کود دامی و آبیاری کامل و تیمار عدم مصرف کود دامی و قطع آبیاری از گل‌دهی مشاهده شد. نتایج نشان داد که در شرایط کاربرد 30 تن کود دامی، بین قطع آبیاری از مرحله پر شدن دانه با آبیاری کامل اختلافی نبود و می‌توان به‌جای آبیاری کامل، آبیاری را از مرحله پر شدن دانه قطع نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اسانس

تعداد فولیکول

کود گوسفندی

وزن هزار دانه

موضوعات

• گیاهان دارویی

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