Effects of Iron Nutrition on Yield and Agronomic Traits of Developed Iranian Spring Wheat Genotypes

Document Type : Research Article

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Abstract

In order to compare the agronomic characteristics of developed Iranian spring wheat genotypes (selective cultivars from: endemic landraces of wheat, interal hybrid wheat and international centers) and also the identifying traits affecting grain production under different concentration of iron in the soil solution, a randomized complete block design with a split-plot arrangement with 30 wheat genotypes and three riplications was conducted during 2007-2008 at research farm of Rodasht, Isfahan. The results showed that among the endemic original wheat genotypes, grain yield with 17.2 and tiller number with 13.0 had the highest coefficient of variation (CV) under Fe deficiency condition. Grain yield varied from 3583 kg ha-1 in Shole to 5361 kg ha-1 in Sorkhtokhm genotype. Among the inside hybrid wheat genotypes, grain yield (17.0), straw yield (14.5) and tiller number (13.5) had the highest CV at the added Fe treatment. Difference between the highest (Ghods genotype) and the lowest (Chenab genotype) grain yield was 2440 kg ha-1. Difference between the highest (Adl genotype) and the lowest (Maron genotype) straw yield was 5062 kg ha-1. Among the inside hybrid spring wheat genotypes, there was positive correlation (R2=0.58**) between grain yield and plant height. Also, difference between the lowest (in Falat genotype) and the highest (in Dez genotype) straw yield was 35%. According to the results obtained from the present study, soil application of Fe fertilizer had no significant effect on yield and components yield of spring wheat genotypes, regardless of their origin while it significantly increased straw yield of wheat genotypes particularly inside hybrid genotypes.

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