Evaluation of Genetic Variation Induced by Gamma Ray Irradiation in Morphological Traits in M2 Mutant Lines of Canola

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

• S. M. AbtahiForushani ¹
• A Arzani ¹
• M. H Fotokian ²

¹ Isfahan University of Technology

² Shahed University, Tehran

10.22067/gsc.v12i2.19810

Abstract

Mutation induction is considered as an effective way to enrich plant genetic variation, particularly for traits with a very low level of genetic variation. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of 1200 GY gamma ray irradiation on morphophenological traits, yield and yield components and to identify useful mutants in two spring rapeseed "RGS003" and" Sarigol" cultivars. The results revealed that there are highly significant difference sa mong mutant lines. Based on the results of phenotypic and genetic correlations, 1000 seed weight had the highest relationship with see dyieldper plant. Stepwise regression analysis also showed that 1000 seed weight was one of the most important traits contributing in seed yield.In viewpoint of the exploitation of the induced variation at morphological traits, M2 lines 9 from RGS003 and 16, 25 and 26 from Sarigol could be suggested as the most desirable lines for canola breeding.

Keywords

• Mutation
• Gamma rays
• Genetic diversity

20.1001.1.20081472.1393.12.2.12.7

---

References

1- صمدی گرجی، م.، ن. بابائیان و ن. باقری. 1388. بررسی پرتوتابی گاما بر جوانه زنی و برخی خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی دو رقم کلزا (Brassica napus L.). مجله علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی 16: 324- 315.

2- Agrama, H. A. S. 1996. Sequential path analysis of grain yield and its component in maize. Plant Breed.115:343-346

3- Auld, D. L., M. K. Heikkinen,D. A.Erickson,J. L., Sernyk, and J. E. Romero. 1992. Rapeseed mutants with reduced levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids and increased levels of oleic acid. Crop Sci.32: 657-662.

4- Beg, A. 1984. Status of rapeseed and mustard in Pakistan. In: Manual on rapeseed and mustard, production technology, oilseeds programme.Pakistan Agricultural ResearchCouncil, Islamabad, pp: 1–10.

5- Belete, Y.S. 2011. Genetic variability, correlation and path analysis studies in Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata A. Brun) genotypes. IntJ Plant Breed Genet.5: 328-338.

6- Canola council of Canada. 1990. Canola oil and meal: Standards and regulations. Canola Council of Canada. Winnipeg, Canada. 4pp.

7- Chauhan, Y. S., and K.Kumar. 1986. Gamma ray induced chocolate seeded mutant in Brassica campestris var Yellow Searson. Current Science, India.55: 410.

8- Cowling, W. A. 2007. Genetic diversity in Australian canola and implications for crop breeding for changing future environments. Field Crops Res. 104: 103-111.

9- Falconer, D.S. 1996. Introduction to Quantitative Genetics. 4th ed. Longman, New York.

10- FAO STAT. 2011. Available online at: http://faostat.fao.org/site /339/default. aspx/. htm (Accessed 25 January, 2013).

11-FAO STAT. 2012. Available online at : http://faostat.fao.org /site /339/ default. aspx/ htm. (Accessed 25 January, 2013).

12- Ferrie, A.M.R., D.C. Taylor,S.L. MacKenzie,G. Rakow,J.P. Raneyand W.A.Keller. 2008. Microspore mutagenesis of Brassica species for fatty acid modifications: a preliminary evaluation. Plant Breed. 127: 501-506.

13-Habekotte, B. 1993. Quantitative analysis of pod formation, seed set and seed filling in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) under field crop conditions.Field Crops Res.35: 27-33.

14- Jain, S. M. 2005. Major mutation-assisted plant breeding programs supported by FAO/IAEA. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult. 82: 113-123.

15- Javed, M. A. K., I.Ahmed khan, M.Ahmad, M.Seddiqui and A. G. Arain. 2000. Utilization of gamma irradiation for the genetic improvement of oriental mustard (Brassica juncea L.). Pak JBot. 32: 77-83.

16- Kandil, A. A. 1983. Effects of sowing date on yield components and some agronomic characters of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Proceeding of 6th International Rapeseed Conference, Paris, France.Pp. 289-296.

17- Karamzadeh, A., H.R.Mobasser, V.Ramee and A.Ghanbari- Malidarreh. 2010. Effects of nitrogen and seed rates on yield and oil content of canola (Brassica napus L.). Am Eurasian J Agric Environ Sci. 8: 715-721.

18- Khatri A., I.Ahmedkhan, M.Seddiqui, R.Saboohi and G. Niazamani. 2005. Evaluation of high yielding mutants of Brassica juncea developed through gamma rays and EMS. Pak J Bot. 37: 279-284.

19- Kumar, R. a. Y. S. 1996. Effect of gamma rays and EMS on seed germination and plant survival of Pisum sativum L. and Lens culinaris. Med Neo Bot. 4: 25-29.

20- Kumar, H., K.Anubha, K.Vishwakarma and J. P.Lal. 2011. Morphological and molecular characterization of Brassica rapa ssp. sarson mutants. J Oilseed Brassica. 2: 1-6.

21- Lailah, A. A. and S. A.Al-Khateeb. 2005. Yield analysis of canola (Brassica napus L.) using some statistical procedures. J Biol Sci. 12: 103-113.

22- Mutant Varieties Database. 2008. Available online at: http://www.infocris.iaea.org/ MVD.

23- Patil A., Taware S. P., and Raut V. M. 2011. Induced variation in quantitative traits due to physical (gamma rays), chemical (EMS) and combined mutagen treatments in soybean (Glycine max L.). Soybean Genetics Newsletter, Vol. 1. 31. Available online at http://www.soygenetics.org/articlefiles/40. (Accessed 20 January 2013).

24-Pawar, S. E. 1991. Use of induced mutations in the breeding of pulse crops. 1: 413-418.Proceeding of IAEA Symposium on Plant Mutation Breeding for Crop Improvement. June 18-22. IAEA. Vienna.

25- Rahman A. M. and L. Das. 1993. Evolution of improved varieties of rapeseed/ mustard throught induced mutation. Mut Breed Rev.11-12.

26- Salimath P. M., C.Toker, J. S. Sandhu,J.Kumar, B.Suma, S. S. Yadav and P. N. Bahl. 2007. Conventional breeding methods: Chickpea breeding and management. CAB International, Wallingford. 369–390.

27- Schnurbush T., C.Mollers and H. C.Becker. 2000. A mutant of Brassica napus with increased palmitic acid content.Plant Breed. 119: 141-144.

28- Shah S. A., I.Ali and K.Rahman. 1990. induction and selection of superior genetic variables of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). The Nucleus 27: 37-40.

29- Shah S. A., A.Iftikhar, K.Rahmkhan and A.Mumtaz. 2005. ‘NIFA mustard canola’- First mutant variety of oil seed mustard (Brassica juncea L.) in Pakistan.Mut Breed Rev Newsl. No. 1

30- Shehzad T., A.Allah, A.Abdoallah, M.Ammar and F. Abdelkhalik. 2011. Agronomic and molecular evaluation of induced mutant rice (Oryza sativa L.) lines in Egypt. Pak J Bot. 43: 1183- 1194.

31- Siddiqui A., I.Ahmed khan and A.Khatri. 2009. Induced quantitative variability by gamma rays and ethyl methane sulfonat alone and in combination in Rapeseed (Brassica napusL.). Pak J Bot. 41: 1189-1195.

32- Sleper D.A., and J. M.Poehlman. 2006. Breeding Field Crops. 6th edition Van Nostrand Reinhold Company. New York. 724 p.

33- Symonds, V. V., and A. M.Lioyd. 2003. An analysis of microsatellite loci in Arabidopsis thaliana mutational dynamics and application. Genetics 165: 1475– 1488.

34- Szarejko I., and B. P.Forster. 2007. Doubled haploidy and induced mutation. Euphytica 158:359-370.

35- Thagana W. M., C. M. Ndirangu,E. O.Omolo, T. C.Riungu, and M. G. Kinyua. 2005. Variability in M2 generations and characteristics of selected advanced mutant lines of rapeseed.. Proceedings of the African Crop Science Conference, 5-9th December, Kampala, Uganda.Pp. 199-201

36- Thagana W. M., C. M. Ndirangu,E. O . Omolo,T. C.Riungu, and M. G. Kinyua. 2006. Variability in M2 generations and characteristics of advanced mutant lines of rapeseeds (Brassica napus L.). Proceedings of the 10th KARI Biennial Scientific Conference. 12-17 November, Nairobi, Kenya.

37- Tuncturk M., and V.Ciftci. 2007. Relationship between yield and some yield components in rape seed (B. napus L.) cultivars by using correlation and path coefficient. PakJ Bot. 39: 81-84.

38- Velasco L., J.M. Fernandez-martinez, and A.Haro. 2008. Inheritance of reduced linolenic acid content in the Ethiopian mustard mutant N2-4961. Plant Breed. 121: 263-265.

39- Yadava T.P., H.Singh, V.P. Gupta, and R.K. Rana. 1974. Heterosis and combining ability in raya for yield and its components. Indian J Genet Plant Breed. 34: 684-695.