Effects of Pretreatment with Salicylic Acid on Growth and Nutrient Uptake of Sesame Seedlings under Salt Stress

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

Vali-E-Asr University

Abstract

Introduction
Salinity stress is regarded as one of the most important abiotic factors limiting plant growth and agricultural products, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an important oilseed crop rated moderately salt tolerant and capable of producing profitable crops in saline conditions. Germination and seedling establishment are critical stages in the life cycle of plants especially under stress conditions. Different methodologies have been adopted by plant physiologists in different crops to alleviate salt stress. Seed priming has proven beneficial in this regard in many important agricultural crops. Salicylic acid is one of the physiological processes regulators that it increases resistant of plants to environmental stresses such as salinity stress.
Materials and Methods
To evaluate the effect of different levels of salinity and seed pretreatment with salicylic acid (SA), on some growth indices and nutrient uptake of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seedling, a factorial experiment with completely randomized design and four replicates was conducted in Department of Agronomy, Rafsanjan University of Vali-e- Asr. Factors were seed pretreatment with three levels including, distilled water, 1 mM salicylic acid and 2.5 Mm salicylic acid and salinity at three levels: control (Hoagland standard solution, 2.5 dS.m-1), 6 and 9 dS.m-1. A dry seed treatment (no pretreatment) was also added and considered as control.
Results and Discussion
Results showed that at 9 dS/m-1both SA concentrations caused significant increase in emergence percentage compared to dry seed and distilled water. Plant leaf area and SPAD values decreased along with salinity in dry seed and distilled water, nevertheless, at 2.5 mM SA, values were not significantly different between 6 and 9 dS.m-1. On the other hand, SA seed pretreatment decreased shoot Na and increased K content, although shoot Mg and P contents were the highest at 1 and 2.5 mM SA, respectively. The effects of SA pretreatment on shoot dry mass was not clear. The highest shoot, root and seedling dry weights were observed at control salinity in dry seed, distilled water and 2.5 mM SA and decreased with salinity level. Seedling dry weight was not significantly lower than control only in 1 mM SA and 9 dS.m-1 salinity.
Conclusions
Generally, in this experiment ameliorative effects of SA pretreatment were more pronounced on seedling survival and some nutrient uptake.

Keywords


1. Ashraf, M., and Foolad, M. R. 2007. Improving plant abiotic-stress resistance by exogenous application of osmoprotectants glycine betaine and proline. Environmental and Experimental Botany 59: 206-16.
2. Ashraf, M., and Oleary, W. 1996. Response of some newly developed salt tolerant genotypes of spring wheat to salt stress, І. Yield components and ion distribution. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 176: 91-101.
3. Awad, A. S., Edward, D. G., and Campbell, L. C. 1990. Phosphorus enhancement of salt tolerance of tomato. Crop Science 30: 123-128.
4. Boursier, P., Lynch, J., Lauchli, A., and Epstein, E. 1987. Chloride partitioning in leaves of salt-stressed sorghum, maize, wheat and barley. Functional Plant Biology14: 463-473.
5. Dalia, M. N. 2001. Studies for improving yield potential of some sesame genotypes. PhD dissertation, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
6. Dravid, M. S., and Goswami, N. N. 1986. Significance of leaf phosphorus remobilization in yield production in soybean. Crop Science 32: 420-424.
7. El-Tayeb, M. A. 2005. Response of barley grains to the interactive effect of salinity and salicylic acid. Plant Growth Regulation 45: 215-224.
8. Farooq, M., Basra, S., Wahid, A., Ahmad, N., and Saleem, B. 2009. Improving the drought tolerance in rice (Oryzasativa L.) by exogenous application of salicylic acid. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 195: 237-246.
9. Foroodel, S., Sadrabadi Haghighi, R., and Nabavi Kalat, S. M. 2011. Effect of seed priming on seedling growth of sesame under salinity stress. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Research 9: 535-543. (in Persian with English abstract).
10. Gautam, S., and Singh, P. K. 2009. Salicylic acid – induced salinity tolerance in corn grown under NaCl stress. Acta Physiologia Plantarum 31: 1185-1190.
11. Gorji, M. 2008. Effect of Ca and K concentration in hydroponic solution on safflower response to salinity.MSc dissertation, Industrial University of Isfahan, Iran. (in Persian with English abstract).
12. Gunes, A., Inal, A., Alpaslan, M., Eraslan, F., Guneri Bagci, E., and Cicek, N. 2007. Salicylic acid induced changes on some physiological parameters symptomatic for oxidative stress and mineral nutrition in maize (Zea mays L.) grown under salinity. Journal of Plant Physiology 164: 728-736.
13. Hamada, A. M., and Al-Hakimi, A. M. A. 2001. Salicylic acid versus salinity – drought- induced stress on wheat seedlings. Plant, Soil and Environment 47: 444-450.
14. Hayat, S., Ali, B., and Ahmad, A. 2007. Salicylic acid: biosynthesis, metabolism and physiological role in plants. Springer, Netherlands.
15. Heidary sharif abad, H. 2001. Plant and salinity. Research Institute of Forests and Grasslands Publication.199 P. (in Persian).
16. Hussein, M. M., Balbaa, L. K., and Gaballah, M. S. 2007. Salicylic acid and salinity effects ongrowth of maize plants. Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences 3: 321-328.
17. Jamil, M., Rehman, S., Lee, K. J., Man Kim, J., Kim, H. S. E., and Rhal, S. 2007. Salinity reduced growth PS2 photochemistry and chlorophyll content in radish. Scientia Agricola 64: 111-118.
18. Karlidag, H., Yildirim, E., and Turan, M. 2009. Salicylic acid ameliorates the adverse effect of salt stress on strawberry. Scientia Agricola 66: 180-187.
19. Kaya, M. D., Okçu, G., Atak, M., Çıkılı, Y., and Kolsarıcı, Ö. 2006. Seed treatments to overcome salt and drought stress during germination in sunflower (Helianthus annus L.). European Journal of Agronomy 24: 291-295.
20. Khan, H. A., Pervez, M. A., Ayub, C. M., Ziaf, K., Bilal, R. M., Shahid, M. A., and Akhtar, N. 2009. Hormonal priming alleviates salt stress in hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Soil and Environment 28: 130-135.
21. Khan, M. Y., Rauf, A., Makhdoom, I., Ahmad, A., and Shah, S. M. 1992. Effect of saline sodic soils on mineral composition of eight wheat cultivars under field conditions. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture 8: 477-486.
22. Khan, N. A. 2003. NaCl inhibited chlorophyll synthesis and associated changes in ethylene evolution and antioxidative enzyme activities in wheat. Plant Biology 47: 437-440.
23. Khodary, A. S. E. 2004. Effect of salicylic acid on the growth, photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism in salt stressed maize plants. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 226: 1560-8530.
24. Li, N., Parsons, B. L., Liu, D. R., and Mattoo, A. K. 1992. Accumulation of wound-inducible ACC synthase transcript in tomato fruit is inhibited by salicylic acid and polyamines. Plant Molecular Biology 18: 477-487.
25. Maas, E. V. 1986. Crop tolerance to saline soil and water.Prospects for Biosaline Research Workshop. Karachi. Pakistan, 205.
26. Mirmohammadi Meibodi, S. A. M., and Gharehiazi, B. 2002. Physiological and breeding aspects of salinity stress in field crops. Industrial University of Isfahan, Iran. (in Persian).
27. Misra, A., and Sricastatva N. K. 2000. Influence of water stress on Japanese mint. Journal of Herbs, Spices and Medicinal Plants 7: 51-58.
28. Shabbir, I., Ayub, M., Tahir, M., Bilal, M., Tanveer, A., Hussain, M., and Afzal, M. 2014.Impact of priming techniques on emergence and seedling growth of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes. Scientia Agricola 1: 92-96.
29. Sharma, N., Abrams, S. R., and Waterer, D. R. 2005. Uptake, movement, activity, and persistence of an abscisic acid analog (80 acetylene ABA methyl ester) in marigold and tomato. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation 24: 28-35.
30. Singh, G., and Jain, S. 1981. Effect of some growth regulators on certain biochemical parameters during seed development in chickpea under salinity. Indian Journal of Plant Physiology 20: 167-179.
31. Wang, L., Chen, S., Kong, W., Li, S., and Archbold, D. D. 2006. Salicylic acid pretreatment alleviates chilling injury and affects the antioxidant system and heat shock proteins of peaches during cold storage. Postharvest Biology and Technology 41: 244-251.
CAPTCHA Image
Volume 15, Issue 4 - Serial Number 48
January 2018
Pages 735-746
  • Receive Date: 25 August 2014
  • Revise Date: 06 January 2016
  • Accept Date: 27 December 2016
  • First Publish Date: 22 December 2017