تأثیر کودهای زیستی و نانواکسید آهن بر عملکرد، محتوای کلروفیل و مدل‌سازی برخی مولفه‌های پر شدن دانه جو تحت سطوح تنش شوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر کودهای زیستی و نانواکسید آهن بر عملکرد، محتوای کلروفیل و برخی مولفه‌های پر شدن دانه جو در شرایط شوری خاک، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در گلخانه دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی سال 1395 اجرا شد. فاکتورهای آزمایشی شامل کودهای زیستی در چهار سطح (عدم کاربرد کود زیستی، کاربرد آزوسپریلیوم، میکوریز، کاربرد توأم میکوریز و آزوسپریلیوم)، محلول‌پاشی با نانواکسید آهن در چهار سطح (صفر، 3/0، 6/0 و 9/0گرم در لیتر) و شوری خاک در چهار سطح (صفر، 50،25 و 75 میلی‌مولار با کلرید سدیم) بودند. از یک مدل خطی دو تکه‌ای برای کمی کردن شاخص‌های مربوط به پر شدن دانه استفاده شد. در این بررسی محتوای کلروفیل کل، a,bو کاروتنوئید، مولفه‌های پرشدن دانه، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد جو بررسی شدند. مقایسه میانگین‌ها نشان داد بالاترین عملکرد (04/2 گرم در بوته)، سرعت پر شدن دانه (00279/0 گرم در روز)، طول دوره و دوره مؤثر پر شدن دانه (به‌ترتیب 96/36 و 53/26 روز)، کلروفیل a (87/1 میلی‌گرم در گرم وزن تر)، کلروفیل b (68/0 میلی‌گرم در گرم وزن تر)، کلروفیل کل (55/2 میلی‌گرم در گرم وزن تر) و کارتنوئید (6/0 میلی‌گرم در گرم وزن تر) در حالت کاربرد توأم آزوسپریلیوم و میکوریز، محلول‌پاشی 9/0 گرم در لیتر نانواکسید آهن و عدم اعمال شوری به‌دست آمد. در حالی‌که کمترین این صفات در شرایط اعمال شوری 75 میلی‌مولار، عدم کاربرد کودهای زیستی و عدم محلول‌پاشی به‌دست آمد. اعمال شوری 25، 50 و 75 میلی‌مولار نسبت به حالت عدم اعمال شوری عملکرد دانه را به‌ترتیب 23/5، 93/21 و 14/26 درصد کاهش داد و کاربرد توأم کودهای زیستی و نانواکسید آهن در مقایسه با عدم کاربرد آن‌ها در سطح شوری 25، 50 و 75 میلی‌مولار به‌ترتیب 79/11، 64/12 و 45/15 درصد از کاهش عملکرد را جبران کردند. از این رو به نظر می‌رسد کاربرد توام کودهای زیستی و نانواکسید آهن می‌تواند به‌عنوان تعدیل‌کننده‌های تنش در جو تحت شرایط شوری خاک پیشنهاد شود.

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