بهبود فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانی، عمکرد دانه و روغن آفتابگردان (Helianthus annuus L.) با محلول‌پاشی براسینولید تحت رژیم‌های مختلف آبیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

چکیده

بررسی تأثیر براسینولید بر فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانی در آفتابگردان(Helianthus annuus L.)  (رقم اسکار) می‌تواند به درک بهتری از سازوکارهای دفاعی گیاه در برابر تنش خشکی کمک کند و به معرفی راهکارهای لازم برای افزایش تاب‌آوری در شرایط کم‌آبیاری منجر شود. بنابراین آزمایشی به‌صورت اسپلیت پلات در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام گرفت. عامل اصلی شامل رژیم آبیاری در سه سطح (بدون تنش (100 درصد آبیاری کامل(، تنش متوسط (75 درصد آبیاری کامل( و تنش شدید (50 درصد آبیاری کامل)) با توجه به تشتک تبخیر کلاس A و عامل فرعی شامل محلول‌پاشی براسینولید در سه سطح) صفر (آب مقطر)، 0.1 و 0.5 میلی­‌گرم بر لیتر( بود. براساس مقایسه میانگین، تنش شدید سبب کاهش محتوای نسبی آب برگ (18.79 درصد) و افزایش آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانی شد. در این سطح تنش، شاخص سطح برگ، عملکرد دانه و عملکرد روغن به‌ترتیب با کاهش 57.48، 61.56 و 70.01 درصد نسبت به آبیاری کامل مواجه شدند. از سوی دیگر، اثر ساده محلول‌پاشی 0.5 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر براسینولید موجب افزایش 18.58 و 36.40 درصدی کاتالاز و پروکسیداز گردید. همچنین بیشترین میزان شاخص سطح برگ از تیمار آبیاری کامل + محلول‌پاشی 0.5 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر براسینولید به‌ دست آمد. عملکرد دانه و عملکرد روغن نیز تحت بالاترین سطح محلول‌پاشی براسینولید در شرایط تنش شدید با افزایش 83.57 و 66.66 درصدی نسبت به تیمار عدم محلول‌پاشی + تنش شدید روبه‌رو بود. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که محلول‌پاشی 0.5 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر براسینولید جهت بهبود عملکرد آفتابگردان تحت شرایط آبیاری مطلوب و تنش خشکی مناسب خواهد بود.

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 10 دی 1403
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