پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

ارزیابی تأثیر کود آلی و زئولیت بر برخی صفات کمّی و کیفی جو دیم (Hordeum vulgare L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
امیر اکبری 1
علی خورگامی 1
مسعود رفیعی 2
رضا میردریکوند 3
1 گروه زراعت، واحد خرم آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خرم آباد، ایران
2 بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی لرستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، خرم آباد، ایران
3 گروه ژنتیک و به‌نژادی گیاهی، واحد خرم آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خرم آباد، ایران
10.22067/jcesc.2025.93473.1399
چکیده
امروزه کشاورزی مرسوم منجر به اثرات منفی بسیاری مانند آلودگی آب‌های زیرزمینی، فرسایش خاک و کاهش کیفیت مواد غذایی شده است، بنابراین استفاده از روش‌های مدیریتی جایگزین مانند کشاورزی ارگانیک برای تولید پایدار محصولات ضروری است. کاربرد کود آلی (کود گوسفندی) و زئولیت می‌تواند با تأمین مواد مغذی و اصلاح خواص فیزیکی، شیمیایی و بیولوژیکی خاک، عملکرد محصول را بهبود بخشد. با توجه به اهمیت جو (Hordeum vulgare L.)، این تحقیق با هدف بررسی تأثیر کود آلی زئولیت بر برخی صفات کمّی و کیفی جو دیم به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار طی دو سال‌ زراعی 1402-1400 در مزرعه دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واقع در بخش کمالوند شهرستان خرم‌آباد انجام شد. عامل‌ها شامل کود گوسفندی (صفر، 3، 6 و 9 تن در هکتار) به‌عنوان منبع فسفر آلی و زئولیت (صفر، 4، 8 و 12 تن در هکتار) بود. خاک مزرعه مورد مطالعه از نوع لومی رسی با درصد بالای رس بود که توانایی بالایی در نگهداری آب و مواد مغذی دارد، امّا زهکشی ضعیف‌تری نسبت به خاک‌های لومی با درصد رس کمتر دارد. استفاده از کود گوسفندی به‌عنوان منبع غنی از مواد آلی، به بهبود ظرفیت نگهداری آب، تهویه خاک، نفوذپذیری و کاهش فرسایش کمک کرده و به پایداری خاک می‌افزاید. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد کود گوسفندی و زئولیت باعث افزایش عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و عناصر غذایی دانه شد. به‌طوری‌که مصرف 4 تن در هکتار زئولیت نسبت به تیمار 12 تن در هکتار زئولیت موجب افزایش به‌ترتیب 11، 22 و 14 درصدی وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد دانه و شاخص برداشت شد. براساس اثر متقابل زئولیت × کود گوسفندی، بیشترین تعداد دانه در سنبله (21 عدد)، تعداد سنبله در مترمربع (1069 عدد)، نیتروژن دانه (2.05 و 2.02 درصد) و پروتئین دانه (11.93 و 11.83 درصد) از ترکیب 3 تن در هکتار کود گوسفندی و 4 تن در هکتار زئولیت به دست آمد. همچنین بیشترین غلظت فسفر دانه (0.37 درصد) و پتاسیم دانه (1.78 درصد) به تیمار ترکیب 6 تن در هکتار کود گوسفندی و 4 تن در هکتار زئولیت اختصاص یافت. به‌طورکلی، نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که استفاده از کود دامی و زئولیت می‌تواند باعث افزایش عملکرد گیاهان شود. زئولیت به‌عنوان یک اصلاح‌کننده خاک و کود دامی به‌عنوان منبع مواد مغذی عمل می‌کنند و ترکیب این دو می‌تواند به بهبود کیفیت خاک، افزایش جذب مواد مغذی و در نهایت افزایش رشد و عملکرد گیاهان منجر شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
پروتئین
تعداد دانه در سنبله
شاخص برداشت و نیتروژن
عملکرد دانه
موضوعات

Authors retain the copyright. This is an open access article distributed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)

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