بررسی اثرات حفاظتی سدیم هیدروسولفید و سدیم نیتروپروساید بر سمیت نانوذرات نقره، در سویا (Glycine max L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

سعید معیری

مهدی برادران فیروزآبادی

مهدیه پارسائیان

احمد غلامی

حسن مکاریان

گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران

10.22067/jcesc.2025.94122.1409

چکیده

غلظت‌­های زیاد نانوذرات نقره به‌دلیل ویژگی‌های منحصر‌به‌‌فرد مانند اندازه کوچک و سطح ویژه بالا، به‌عنوان یک عامل تنش‌زا در گیاهان شناخته می‌شوند که می‌توانند از طریق القای تنش اکسیداتیو موجب آسیب به گیاه شوند. در این پژوهش، نقش بهبوددهنده سدیم هیدروسولفید (NaHS) و سدیم نیتروپروساید (SNP) کاهش اثرات منفی نانوذرات نقره بر فیزیولوژی، رشد و عملکرد سویا (Glycine max L.) رقم ویلیامز بررسی شد. این آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار با سه سطح محلول‌پاشی نانوذرات نقره (0، 1.5 و 3 گرم در لیتر)، سه سطح محلول‌پاشی سدیم هیدروسولفید  (0، 0.5 و 1 میلی­مولار) و دو سطح محلول‌پاشی  سدیم نیتروپروساید (0 و 120 میکرومولار) در سال 1402 اجرا گردید. نتایج نشان داد که نانوذرات نقره موجب کاهش عملکرد، محتوای نسبی آب برگ و غلظت رنگدانه‌ها شد، درحالی‌که استفاده ترکیبی از سدیم هیدروسولفید و سدیم نیتروپروساید با افزایش سطح محافظت‌کننده­‌هایی نظیر فلاونوئیدها، آنتوسیانین و قندهای محلول، آسیب‌های ناشی از تنش را کاهش داد. در تیمار حاوی سه گرم در لیتر نانوذرات ­نقره، 0.5 میلی‌مولار سدیم هیدروسولفید و عدم مصرف سدیم نیتروپروساید، میزان کلروفیل a با مقدار 0.78 میلی‌گرم بر گرم وزن تر برگ کمترین مقدار را در بین تمامی تیمارها نشان داد. بیشترین عملکرد دانه (420.3 گرم در مترمربع) در تیمار بدون نانوذرات ­نقره و با مصرف یک میلی‌مولار سدیم هیدروسولفید به‌ دست آمد که نسبت به شاهد (270 گرم در مترمربع) افزایش 36 درصدی نشان داد. در مجموع، کاربرد سدیم هیدروسولفید و سدیم نیتروپروساید در شرایط تنش نانوذرات ­نقره، اثرات حفاظتی مؤثری برجای گذاشت و می‌تواند به‌عنوان رویکردی کارآمد برای مدیریت تنش‌های ناشی از فلزات سنگین در گیاهان پیشنهاد شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آنتی‌اکسیدان

تنش اکسیداتیو

رنگدانه‌ها

فلزات سنگین

موضوعات

• تنش های محیطی

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