اثر مقادیر مختلف نیتروژن بر فنولوژی، شاخص‌های رشدی و عملکرد دو رقم عدس در شرایط دیم مشهد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر مقادیر مختلف نیتروژن بر صفات فنولوژیک و شاخص‌های رشدی دو رقم عدس دیم، آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت‌های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سال زراعی 95-1394 اجرا گردید. فاکتور اصلی این آزمایش سطوح مختلف کود نیتروژن از منبع اوره (صفر، ۴۰ و 80 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و فاکتور فرعی شامل دو رقم عدس دیم (بیرجند و رباط) بود. نتایج نشان داد که مصرف 40 کیلوگرم کود اوره در هکتار منجر به افزایش معنی‌دار دوره رشد رویشی و زایشی نسبت به تیمار عدم مصرف کود اوره و کل دوره رشد در مقایسه با سایر سطوح کود اوره براساس تعداد روز و درجه روز رشد گردید. دوره کاشت تا سبز شدن، رشد رویشی، زایشی و کل دوره رشد رقم بیرجند براساس تعداد روز و درجه روز رشد به‌طور معنی‌داری بیشتر از رقم رباط بود. هم‌چنین نتایج نشان داد که حداکثر شاخص سطح برگ و تجمع ماده خشک در تیمار 40 کیلوگرم کود اوره در هکتار به‌دست آمد که منجر به حداکثر سرعت رشد محصول و کسب حداکثر عملکرد دانه و بیولوژیک (به‌ترتیب ۱۲/۲۹۴ و ۱۷/۲۲۸۶ کیلوگرم در هکتار) در این تیمار گردید. رقم بیرجند شاخص سطح برگ، تجمع ماده خشک، سرعت رشد محصول، عملکرد دانه و بیولوژیک (به‌ترتیب ۱/۴۲۷۴ و ۹۶/۲۵۷۷ کیلوگرم در هکتار) بیشتری را نسبت به رقم رباط دارا بود. با توجه به نتایج حاصله، استفاده از رقم بیرجند با رعایت تاریخ کاشت بهینه (با توجه به دیررس بودن آن) و مصرف ۴۰ کیلوگرم کود اوره در هکتار برای کشت عدس به‌صورت دیم در منطقه مورد مطالعه، مطلوب به‌نظر می‌رسد.

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