اثر محلول‌پاشی عصاره کودهای آلی بر خصوصیات زراعی و عملکرد کمی و کیفی شش اکوتیپ بادرشبو (Dracocephalum moldavica L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر محلول‌پاشی عصاره کودهای آلی بر خصوصیات زراعی و عملکرد کمی و کیفی شش اکوتیپ بادرشبو، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه در دو سال زراعی 1394 و 1395 به‌صورت کشت بهاره انجام گرفت. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل اکوتیپ‌های بادرشبو در شش سطح (ارومیه، سلماس، عجب شیر، تهران، اصفهان و شیراز) و محلول‌پاشی کودهای آلی 10 درصد در پنج سطح (شاهد، کود گاوی، کود مرغی، ورمی‌کمپوست و کمپوست) بود. صفات مورد مطالعه شامل وزن خشک کل، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد بذر، عملکرد بیولوژیک، شاخص برداشت دانه، عملکرد و درصد اسانس بود. نتایج تجزیه واریانس مرکب داده‌ها نشان داد که اعمال تیمارهای محلول‌پاشی و اکوتیپ بر صفات وزن خشک کل، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد بذر، عملکرد بیولوژیک، شاخص برداشت دانه، عملکرد و درصد اسانس در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنی‌دار شد. اثرات متقابل اکوتیپ و محلول‌پاشی بر صفات وزن هزار دانه و شاخص برداشت دانه در سطح احتمال یک درصد و بر صفات عملکرد و درصد اسانس در سطح احتمال پنج درصد معنی‌دار بود. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین مقدار وزن هزار دانه، شاخص برداشت دانه، عملکرد اسانس و درصد اسانس به‌ترتیب به مقدار 3/2 گرم، 93/21 درصد، 42/9 کیلوگرم در هکتار و 99/0 درصد مربوط به تیمار محلول‌پاشی کود مرغی و اکوتیپ ارومیه بود. بیشترین مقدار وزن خشک کل و عملکرد بذر به‌ترتیب به مقدار 1/994 و 3/331 کیلوگرم در هکتار مربوط به اکوتیپ ارومیه و محلول‌پاشی کود مرغی به‌ترتیب به مقدار 7/896 و 5/304 کیلوگرم در هکتار حاصل شد. در نهایت با توجه به نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق کاربرد تیمار محلول‌پاشی عصاره کود مرغی و اکوتیپ ارومیه در منطقه ارومیه و کشت اکوتیپ‌های بومی در سایر مناطق در زراعت بادرشبو توصیه می‌شود.

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