اثر سطوح مختلف کود گاوی، اوره و تلفیقی بر برخی شاخص‌های فیزیولوژیک مقاومت به خشکی بادرشبو (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) تحت رژیم‌های مختلف آبیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

افسانه بدل زاده ¹

عبدالرزاق دانش شهرکی ²

مهدی قبادی نیا ³

¹ دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران

² گروه مهندسی زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران

³ گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران

10.22067/jcesc.2021.67255.0

چکیده

آزمایش به‌صورت کرت‌های یک‌بار خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه شهرکرد در سال زراعی 1393 –1392 انجام شد. سه سطح رژیم آبیاری شامل: آبیاری کامل (شاهد)، 75 و 50% نیاز آبی به‌عنوان فاکتور اصلی و شش سطح مصرف کود شامل: 1) عدم مصرف کود (شاهد)، 2) 25% کود اوره+ 75% دامی، 3) 50% کود اوره+ 50% دامی، 4) 75% کود اوره+ 25% دامی، 5) 100% کود اوره و 6) 100% دامی به‌عنوان فاکتور فرعی در نظر گرفته شدند. نتایج نشان داد که اثر متقابل رژیم آبیاری و کود بر میزان آب نسبت به وزن خشک، درصد میزان آب برگ، آب حفظ شده برگ، ظرفیت حفظ رطوبت، آب نسبی از دست‌ رفته و عملکرد ماده خشک معنی‌دار بود. به‌طوری‌که بیش‌ترین میزان آب نسبت به وزن خشک، درصد میزان آب برگ، آب نسبی از دست رفته و عملکرد ماده خشک در تیمار 50% کود اوره+ 50% دامی با آبیاری کامل و بیش‌ترین میزان آب حفظ شده برگ و ظرفیت حفظ رطوبت در تیمار 50% کود اوره+ 50% دامی با 50% نیاز آبی مشاهده شد. در مجموع جهت حفظ تعادل رطوبتی گیاه، کاربرد 50% کود اوره+ 50% دامی با تأمین نیاز آبی کامل گیاه توصیه می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تیره نعناعیان

عملکرد

عناصر غذایی

محتوی نسبی آب برگ

نیاز آبی

20.1001.1.20081472.1400.19.4.3.1

موضوعات

• تنش های محیطی

---

مراجع

1. Abkar, A., Nabizadeh, E., and Roshdi, M. 2020. Study of yield and agronomic characteristics of Dracocephalum moldavica as affected by nitrogen level and micronutrients spraying. Journal of Plant Ecophysiology 12 (41): 108-119. (in Persian with English abstract).
2. Ahmadinejad, R.; Najafi, N., Aliasgharzad, N., and Oustan, Sh. 2013. Effects of organic and nitrogen fertilizers on water use efficiency, yield and the growth characteristics of wheat (Triticum aestivum Alvand). Journals Management System 23 (2): 177-194. (in Persian with English abstract).
3. Aminghafori, A., Rezvani Moghadam, P., and Nasiri Mahalati, M. 2015. Effect of application of biological fertilizers and vermicompost of growth indices (Ricinus communis). The first national conference on sustainable agriculture and healthy crop production. Pages: 11-10. (in Persian with English abstract).
4. Amiri Deh Ahmadi, S. R., Rezvani Moghaddam, P., and Ehyaee, H. R. 2015. The Effects of drought stress on Morphological Traits and yield of Three Medicinal Plants (Coriandrum sativum, Foeniculum vulgare and Anethum graveolens) in Greenhouse Conditions. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research 10 (1): 116-124. (in Persian with English abstract).
5. Askary, M., Behdani, M. A., Parsa, S., Jamialahmadi, M., and Mahmoodi, S. 2017. Effects of water stress and manure on stomatal conductance, relative water content, photosynthetic pigments and quantitative and qualitative yield of Thymus vulgaris and Thymus daenensis Celak. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants 33 (5): 793-811. (in Persian with English abstract).
6. Azarnia, M., Safikhani, S., and Biabani, A. 2015. The effect of Bio-Fertilizer on Crops yield, sustainable agriculture and organic farming. Journal of Bio Safety 8 (2): 85-97. (in Persian with English abstract).
7. Babaee, K., Amini Dehaghi, M., Modares Sanavi, S., and Jabbari, R. 2016. Water deficit effect on morphology, prolin content and Thymol percentage of Thyme (Thymus vulgaris ). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants 26 (2): 239-257.
8. Bahmeh, F., Danesh Shahraki, A., Lorigooni, Z., and Ghobadinia, M. 2018. Effect of water deficit stress and seed biopriming on the physiological indices and antioxidant activity of tansey (Tanacetum persicum (Boiss.) Mozaff). Journal of Crop Ecophysiology 12 (3): 411-426. (in Persian with English abstract).
9. Farsi, M., Abdollahi, F., Salehi, A., and Ghasemi, Sh. 2017. Study of physiological characteristics of marjoram (Origanum majorana), as a medicinal plant in response to zinc levels under drought stress conditions. Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences 10 (4): 559-570. (in Persian with English abstract).
10. Fathi, H., Amiri, M. E., Imani, A., Hajilou, J., and Nikbakht, J. 2017. Tolerance almond genotypes on GN15 Rootstock to deficit irrigation stress on some physiological characteristics and leaf temperature. Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology 18 (2): 159-176. (in Persian with English abstract).
11. Ghanbari, A., Bardel, J., and Khajeh, M. 2015. Evaluating some growth parameters, water relations and yeild of cumin (Cuminium cyminum ) as affected by quality water irrigations and different fertilizers. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology 9 (1): 1-20. (in Persian with English abstract).
12. Gholizadeh, A., Amin, M. S. M., Anuar, A. R., Esfahani, M., and Saberioon, M. M. 2010. The study on the effect of different levels of zeolit and water stress on growth, development and essential oil content of moldavian Balm (Dracocephalum moldavica ). American Journal of Applied Science 7 (1): 33–37.
13. Ghorbanli, M., Bakhshi Khaniki, G., Salimi Elizei, S., and Hedayati, M. 2010. Effect of water deficit and its interaction with ascorbate on proline, soluble sugars, catalase and glutathione peroxidase amounts in Nigella sativa Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants 26 (4): 466-476. (in Persian with English abstract).
14. Hasanzadeh Gorttapeh, A., Amirnia, R., and Heydarzadeh, S. 2020. The effect of manure application on physiological traits of Cichorium intybus Response to drought stress. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production 30 (3): 133-146. (in Persian with English abstract).
15. Heidari, N., Pouryousef, M., and Tavakoli, A. 2015. Effects of drought stress on photosynthesis, its parameters and relative water content of anise (Pimpinella anisum). Journal of Plant Research (Iranian Journal of Biology) 27 (5): 829-839. (in Persian with English abstract).
16. Horn, T. 2014. Genetic food diagnostics- approaches and limitations of species level diagnostics in flowering plants. PhD Thesis. University of Karlsruher, Germany, 108p.
17. Karimiafshar, A., Baghizadeh, A., and Mohammadnejad, Gh. 2015. Physiological assessment of drought tolerance of two ecotypes of cumin (Cuminum Cyminum) under greenhouse conditions. Journal of Soil and Plant Interactions Isfahan University of Technology 6 (3): 175-185. (in Persian with English abstract).
18. Maham, M., Akbari, H., and Delazar, A. 2013. Chemical composition and antinociceptive effect of the essential oil of Dracocephalum moldavica, Pharmaceutical Sciences 18 (4): 187-192.
19. Mahfouz, S. A., and Sharaf-Eldin, M. A. 2011. Effect of mineral vs. biofertilizer on growth, yield, and essential oil content of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare ). Int. Agrophysics 21: 361-366.
20. Mohammadpour Vashavaei, R., Galavi, M., Ramroudi, M., and Fakheri, B. A. 2015. Effects of drought stress and bio-fertilizers inoculation on growth, essential oil yield and constituents of thyme (Thymus vulgaris(. Journal of Agroecology 7 (2): 237-253. (in Persian with English abstract).
21. Munne, S., and Alegre, L. 2010. Role of dew on the recovery of water stressed Melissa officinalis Journal of Plant Physiology 154 (5-6): 759-766.
22. Porazizi, M., 2011. The impact of integrated and conventional methods of fertilization on soil nitrogen mineralization, quantitiative and qualitative characteristics of Sorghum Sudonese. M.Sc, Master's degree in Agroecology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University. (in Persian with English abstract).
23. Qian, X., Shen, G., Wang, Z., Guo, C., Liu, Y., Lei, L., and Zhang, Z. 2014. Co-composting of livestock manure with rice straw: Characterization and establishment of maturity evaluation system. Waste Manage 34: 530-535.
24. Radacsi, P. K., Inotai, S., Sarosi, P., Czovek, J., Bernath, E., and Nemeth, E. 2010. Effect of water supply on the physiological characteristic and production of Basil (Ocimum basilicum). European Journal of Horticultural Science 75: 193-197.
25. Rahimpour, M., Fallah, S., and Rafiolalhoseini, M. 2018. Substitution of inorganic fertilizer by animal manure reduces intrate accumulation and improves shelf life and nutrients contents of basil (Ocimum basilicum ). Journal of Plant Process and Function Iranian Society of Plant Physiology 7 (24): 139-154. (in Persian with English abstract).
26. Saeedinia, M., Hosseinia, S. H., and Beiranvand, F. 2019. The Effect of water stress on evapotranspiration and morphological characteristics of Satureja Hortensis. Iranian Journal of Soil and Eeseach 50 (8): 2063-2072. (in Persian with English abstract).
27. Safaei, L., Afiuni, D., and Zeinali, H. 2013. Correclation relationships and path coefficient analysis between essential oil and essential oil components in 12 genotypes of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants 29 (1): 187-200. (in Persian with English abstract).
28. Shadkam, Z., and Mohajeri, F. 2019. The interaction between irrigation interval with manure and vermicompost on vegetative characteristics and yield of Lemon Verbena (Lippia citriodora). Quarterly Journal of Plant Production Science 9 (1): 67-82. (in Persian with English abstract).
29. Shahsavani, Sh., Mahmoodi, M., Garanjeic, S., and Gran Malik, S. 2016. Study of the effect of combined application of manure and chemical fertilizers on some properties of Thompson novel organic juice. Journal of horticulture Science 29 (2): 321-314. (in Persian with English abstract).
30. Shams, A. G. A., Akbari, M. H., Lebaschi, G., Akbari, A., and Zeinali, H. 2012. Growth index of Thymus daenensis as influenced by nitrogen and chemical phosphorus in dry land. Annual of Biological Research 3 (6): 2854-2858.
31. Sharifi Ashoorabadi, E., Matin, A., Lebaschi, M. H., Abbaszadeh, B. 2011. Effects of nitrogen application methods on yield of Melissa (Melissa officinalis). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research 20 (3): 369-376. (in Persian with English abstract).
32. Shojaei, H., and Makarian, H. 2014. The effect of nano and non-nano zinc oxide particles foliar application on yield and yield components of mungbean (Vigna radiate) under drought stress. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research 12 (4): 727-737.
33. Sodaiizadeh, H., Shamsaie, M., Tajamoliyan, M., Mirmohammady, A. M., and Hakimzadeh, M. A. 2016. The effect of water stress on some morphological characteristics of Satureja hortensis. Journal of Plant Process and Function Iranian Society of Plant Physiology 5 (15): 1-12. (in Persian with English abstract).
34. Tavizi, H., Mahmoodi, S., and Eslami, S. V. 2018. Effect of drought stress and mouse barley (Hordeum murinum) competition on growth and yield of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) under greenhouse conditions. Journal of Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences 11 (1): 107-115. (in Persian with English abstract).