اثر سطوح نیترات آمونیوم بر مخلوط جو (Hordeum vulgare L.) و ماشک گل‌خوشه‌ای (Vicia Villosa) در شرایط رقابت علف هرز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

فرزانه فرامرزی ¹

سید محمد باقر حسینی ²

حامد منصوری ³

دیوید فانگوئیرو ⁴

حسن علیزاده ²

¹ دانشجوی دکتری اکولوژی گیاهان زراعی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرج، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

² گروه زراعت، پردیس کشاورزی کرج و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

³ بخش تحقیقات چغندر قند، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان همدان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، همدان، ایران

⁴ انستیتو زراعت، دانشگاه لیسبون، پرتغال

10.22067/jcesc.2022.75859.1154

چکیده

این آزمایش به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سال زراعی 99-1398 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران انجام شد. کرت‌های اصلی شامل سه سطح کود نیترات آمونیوم (صفر، 35 و 70 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و کرت‌های فرعی شامل نسبت‌های مختلف مخلوط جو و ماشک گل‌خوشه‌ای (100% جو (B100)- 80% جو: 20% ماشک گل‌خوشه‌ای (B₈₀+V₂₀)- 80% جو: 45% ماشک گل‌خوشه‌ای (B₈₀+V₄₅)- 80% جو: 70% ماشک گل‌خوشه‌ای (B₈₀+V₇₀)-100% ماشک گل‌خوشه‌ای (V₁₀₀)- 80% ماشک گل‌خوشه‌ای: 20% جو (V₈₀+ B₂₀)- 80% ماشک گل‌خوشه‌ای: 45% جو (V₈₀+ B₄₅)- 80% ماشک گل‌خوشه‌ای: 70% جو (V₈₀+ B₇₀)) و وجین و عدم وجین علف هرز در سه تکرار بود. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین عملکرد دانه جو (44/432 گرم بر مترمربع) مربوط به تک‌کشتی جو، 70 کیلوگرم نیترات آمونیوم و کنترل علف هرز بود که تفاوت معنی‌داری با کشت مخلوط B₈₀+V₄₅، 70 کیلوگرم نیترات آمونیوم و کنترل علف هرز نداشت. همچنین بیشترین عملکرد دانه ماشک (47/161 گرم بر مترمربع) در تیمار تک‌کشتی ماشک و کاربرد 70 کیلوگرم نیترات آمونیوم و کنترل علف هرز به‌دست آمد که تفاوت معنی‌داری با تیمار کشت مخلوط V₈₀+B₂₀ کاربرد 70 کیلوگرم نیترات آمونیوم و کنترل علف هرز نداشت. بیشترین میزان وزن خشک علف هرز (62/231 گرم بر مترمربع) در تیمار تک‌کشتی ماشک و کاربرد 70 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود نیترات آمونیوم مشاهده شد. بیشترین میزان نسبت برابری زمین LER (68/1) مربوط به تیمار V₈₀+B₇₀ و عدم کاربرد کود نیترات آمونیوم و در شرایط کنترل علف هرز می‌باشد. در بسیاری از نسبت‌های کشت مخلوط افزایشی عملکرد دانه گیاهان در حالت وجین و عدم وجین علف‌های هرز تفاوت معنی‌داری با یکدیگر نداشت که نشان‌دهنده‌ی موفقیت کشت مخلوط افزایشی در جذب نیتروژن و سرکوب علف‌های هرز می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تعداد سنبله

عملکرد دانه

کشت خالص

کنترل علف هرز

20.1001.1.20081472.1401.20.4.8.3

موضوعات

• کشت مخلوط

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