بررسی اثر علف‌کش‌های یو46کمبی فلوید و برومایسیدام‌آ در مراحل مختلف رشدی گندم (Triticum aestivum L.) بر مهار علف‌‌های هرز و عملکرد گندم دیم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مؤسسه تحقیقات کشاورزی دیم کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مراغه، ایران

2 گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران

چکیده

علف‌های هرز یکی از عوامل کاهش‌دهنده عملکرد گندم (Triticum aestivum L.) می‌باشد. جهت بررسی اثرات کاربرد علف‌کش‌های هورمونی بر علف‌های هرز و عملکرد گندم دیم در مراحل مختلف رشد گندم، آزمایشی بر پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار طی دو سال زراعی 1402-1400 در موسسه تحقیقات کشاورزی دیم در مراغه اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل کاربرد علف‌کش‌های توفوردی + ام‌سی‌پی‌آ (1.5 لیتر در هکتار) و بروموکسینیل + ام‌سی‌پی‌آ (1.5 لیتر در هکتار) در سه مرحله 1- پنجه‌زنی کامل (Z29)، 2- گره دوم ساقه (Z32) و 3- تورم غلاف برگ پرچم (Z45) و دو شاهد وجین و عدم وجین بود. نتایج نشان داد که در شرایط دیم، زمان سبز شدن علف‌های هرز با بارندگی ارتباط دارد. در سال اول عمده بارندگی‌های بهاره در اردیبهشت ماه و در سال دوم در فروردین ماه رخ داد، در نتیجه بیشترین تراکم علف‌های هرز در سال اول در مرحله گره دوم ساقه گندم و در سال دوم در مرحله پنجه‌زنی گندم ثبت شد. در سال اول کمترین عملکرد برای علف‌کش توفوردی + ام‌سی‌پی‌آ و بروموکسینیل + ام‌سی‌پی‌آ در مرحله تورم غلاف برگ پرچم به‌میزان 1568 و 1710 کیلوگرم در هر هکتار و در سال دوم فقط برای توفوردی + ام‌سی‌پی‌آ در مرحله گره دوم ساقه و تورم غلاف برگ پرچم به‌ترتیب به‌میزان 1701 و 1747 کیلوگرم در هکتار ثبت شد. براساس نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش، گندم به کاربرد تأخیری علف­کش بروموکسینیل + ام‌سی‌پی‌آ متحمل بوده و می‌توان این علف‌کش را تا گره دوم نیز به‌‌کار برد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


©2025 The author(s). This is an open access article distributed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source

  1. Al-Khatib, K. (1995). Weed control in wheat. Washington State University, Pullman, United States.
  2. Beuerlein, J. E. (2007). Wheat growth stages and associated management. The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States.
  3. Askari, K., Dastan, S., Ajamnourozi, H., & Ghanbari Malidreh, A. (2016). The effect of grain growth components and yield components on grain yield of wheat cultivars in climatic conditions of Golestan province. Journal of Plant Crop Sciences, 2, 33-44. (in Persian)
  4. Chegeni, H. (2011). Effect of plant density on yield and yield components of wheat cultivars. Agronomy Journal Pajouhesh and Sazandegi, 104, 9-21. (in Persian with English abstract(
  5. Dehghan Benadaki, M. (2017). Management of weeds in wheat fields. Jihad Agricultural Higher Educational Institution.Tehran, Iran. 69 p. )in Persian).
  6. Farahani, E., & Arzani, A. (2006). Study on genetic diversity of culltivars and F1 hybrids using agronomic and morphologic traits. Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, 10(4), 341-354. (in Persian).
  7. Faizi Asl, V., Fatut, A., Astarai, A., Lakzian, A., Mir Mousavi Shlamani, A., & Khorasani, A. (2015). Comparison of usable nitrogen and soil water content with dry wheat grain yield. Water and Soil Journal, 5, 1556-1573. https://doi.org/10.22067/jsw.v0i0.36954.
  8. Flint, J. L., & Barrett, M. (1989). Effects of glyphosate combinations with 2,4-D or dicamba on field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis). Weed Science, 37(1), 12-18.
  9. Gerami. A. (1998). Study on relationship of grain yield with quantitative traits in 500 wheat lines using factor anlaysis. Jouranl of Agricultural Sciences of Iran, 29, 263-377. (in Persian).
  10. Johnson, B., & Nice, G. (2005). Weed Control in Wheat. Purdu University, West Lafayette.
  11. Klingman, G. L., & Ashton, F. M. (1991). Weed Sciencs, Principles and Practices. John Wiley and Sons. New York.
  12. Krupnova, O.V. (2010). Relation between grain weight and falling number in soft spring wheat. Russian Agricultural Sciences, 36(5), 321-323.
  13. Lee, R. D. (1996). Intensive weed management in Georgia. The University of Georgia College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Cooperative Extension Service.
  14. Loux, M., Stachler, J. M., Johnson, W. G., Nice, G. R., Nice, W., & Bauman, T. T. (2007). Weed control guide for Ohio and Indiana, Ohio State University Extension Media.
  15. Marmaei, A. (2006). Investigating the response of various growth stages of wheat to some conventional broad leaf herbichdes. MSc.Thesis, Azad University, Science and Research Branch. (in Persian with English abstract)
  16. Martin, J. R. (1998). Timing of herbicide application relative to wheat growth stage. University of Kentucky College of Agriculture News Letter, 2(2), 112-117.
  17. Martin, D. A., Miller, S. D., & Alley, H. P. (1990). Spring wheat response to herbicides applied at three growth stages. Agronomy Journal, 82, 95-97.
  18. Martin, M. H., Miller, S. D., & Alley, H. P. (1989). Winter wheat response to herbicide applied three growth stages. Weed Technology, 3, 90-94.
  19. Mohajery, F., Allahverdi, I., & Zand, E. (2007). Investigating application of 2,4-D in various growth stages of wheat. MSc. Thesis. Tehran University, Abureihan campus, Iran. (in Persian with English abstract).
  20. Miller, S. D., & Travis, D. (1992). Growth stages of wheat: Identification and understing improve crop management. Better Crops, 76(3), 1-12.
  21. Montazeri, M., & Farzaneh, Gh. (1982). Technical Recommendations for Herbicide Application in Wheat and Barley Fields. Publications of Golestan Research and Natural Center, Golestan, Iran, 2 p. (in Persian with English abstract)
  22. Montazeri, M., Zand, E., & Baghestani, M. A. (2005). Weeds and Their Control in Wheat Fields of Iran. Publications of Iran's Plant Protection Research Institute. Tehran, Iran, 97 p. (in Persian with English abstract).
  23. Montazeri, M., Baghestani, M. A., & Zand, A. (2015). Weeds and Their Control in Wheat Fields of Iran. Publications of Iran's Medicinal Plant Research Institute. Tehran, Iran, 85 p. (in Persian with English abstract).
  24. Nice, G., Johnson, B., & Bauman, T. (2003). Herbicide application timing for corn, soybean, wheat. Available. btny.Purdue.edu/weedscience/, p. 20-30
  25. Parker, B., & Ball, D. (2007). Winter Wheat-Irrigated, East of Cascades. Pacific Northwest Weed Management Handbook. Oregon State University Agricultural, Corvallis, United States.
  26. Poorsiahbidi, M. M. (1998). Study on genetic diversity of durum wheat lines in Esfehan zone and providing amphiploid whea MSc. Thesis, Isfehan Technology University, Isfehan, Iran. 131 p. (in Persian with English abstract).
  27. Reynolds, M., Molero, G., Quilligan, E., Listman, M., & Braun, H. (2014). Proceedings of the 4th International Workshopof theWheat Yield Consortium CENEB, CIMMYT, Cd. Obregón, Sonora, Mexico (24-25th March).
  28. Robinson, M. A., Letarte, J., Cowbrough, M. J., Sikkema, P.H., & Tardif, F. (2015). Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) response to herbicides as affected by application timing and temperature. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 95, 325333. https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps-2014-109
  29. Roman, E. S., Vargas, L., & Rodrigues, O. (2006). Manejo e controle de plantas daninhas em trigo. (Embrapa Trigo. Documentos Online, 63). Passo Fundo: Embrapa Trigo. Available from: https://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/bitstream/doc/852518/1/pdo63.pdf. Acessed on: 6 June 2020.
  30. Scursoni, J. A., Gigon, R. Martin, A. N., Vigna, M., Leguizamon, E. S., Istilart, C., & Lopez, R. (2014). Changes in weed communities of spring wheat crops of Buenos Aires province of Argentina. Weed Science, 62, 51-62. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43700633
  31. Schillinger, W. F. (2005). Tillage method and sowing rate relations for dryland spring wheat, barley, and oat. Crop Science, 45, 2636-2643. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2005.04-0016
  32. Shoorbilal, S. K., & Hashemi, L. (2017). The effects of different application times of broadleaf herbicides on winter wheat. Research on Crop Ecophysiology, 12(2), 108-114
  33. Skiba, E., & Wolf, W. M. (2017). Commercial phenoxyacetic herbicides control heavy metal uptake by wheat in a divergent way than pure activesubstances alone. Environmental Sciences Europe, Nantes, 29(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-017-0124-y
  34. Soligo, V., Galon, L., Tiago Forte, C., Brunetto, L., Loureiro da Silva, A., Gallina, & Francisco Perin, G. (2020). Does doses and time of 2,4-D application interfere in the physiology and wheat grains yield components? Arquivos do Instituto Biologico, 89, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657000342020
  35. Shimi, P., Baghestani, M. A., Haqid, A., Rahimian, H., & Alizadeh, H. (2011). Effect of time of auxin herbicides application on yield and yield components of wheat. Iranian Journal of Weed Science, 7, 1-12. (in Persian with English abstract)
  36. Tawaha, A. M., Turk, M. A. & Maghaireh, G. A. (2002). Response of barley to herbicide versus mechanical weed control under semi-arid conditions.Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 188, 106-112. https://doi.org/1046/j.1439-037X.2002.00546.x
  37. Wehtje, G., & Gilliam, C. H. (2012). Cost-effectiveness of glyphosate, 2,4-D, and triclopyr, alone and in select mixtures for poison ivy control. Weed Technology, 26(2), 469-473. https://doi.org/10.1614/WT-D-11-00183.1
  38. Whitesides, R. E. (1983). Identification of growth stages of winter wheat and response to broad leaf herbicides. Proc. West. Soc. Weed Science, 36, 123-124.
  39. Zand, E., Mousavi, S., & Heidari, A. (2008). Herbicides and Their Application. Publications of Jahade Daneshgahi Mashhad, 567 pp. (in Persian).
  40. Zheng, H. G., & Hall, J. C. (2001). Understanding auxinic herbicide resistance in wild mustard: Physiological, biochemical, and molecular genetic approaches. Weed Science, 49(2), 276-281. https://doi.org/10.1614/0043-1745(2001)049[0276:UAHRIW]2.0.CO;2
CAPTCHA Image