تأثیر کود پتاسیم سولفات و تراکم علف‌هرز خار مریم (Silybum marianum L.) بر عملکرد گلرنگ (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

مسلم مصطفائی ¹

مجید جامی الاحمدی ¹

سید وحید اسلامی ¹

محمدحسن سیاری زهان ²

¹ گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران

² گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، علوم مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بیرجند، ایران

10.22067/jcesc.2025.94297.1412

چکیده

مدیریت عناصر غذایی پرمصرف می­تواند به‌عنوان یک روش محتمل برای رقابت گیاه با علف هرز و همچنین مدیریت علف‌های هرز استفاده شود. به همین منظور، جهت بررسی اثر تراکم و مقدار کود پتاسیم بر ویژگی­های عملکردی و اجزای عملکرد گیاه زراعی گلرنگ (Carthamus tinctorius L.) در شرایط رقابتی با علف­هرز خار مریم (Silybum marianum L.)، آزمایشی در اسفند ماه 1401 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بیرجند انجام شد. عامل‌های آزمایش شامل سطوح مختلف پتاسیم (صفر، 34، 68 و 136 کیلوگرم در هکتار پتاسیم سولفات) و تراکم خارمریم در چهار سطح (صفر، 4، 8 و 16 بوته در مترمربع) بودند. صفات اندازه­گیری‌شده شامل عملکرد دانه، وزن هزار دانه، وزن تک طبق، تعداد دانه در طبق، قطر طبق و تعداد طبق در بوته گارنگ بودند. گیاه گلرنگ در سطوح کاربرد 68 و 34 کیلوگرم پتاسیم سولفات نسبت به شاهد عملکرد بهتری را از خارمریم در همین سطوح ثبت کرد، ولی مصرف مقادیر بالاتر پتاسیم سولفات به‌نفع خارمریم بود؛ به‌نحوی‌که اگرچه در هر دو گیاه گلرنگ و خارمریم بالاترین عملکرد در تیمار 136 کیلوگرم کاربرد پتاسیم سولفات حاصل شد، ولی افزایش عملکرد دانه این سطح کود نسبت به شاهد برای گلرنگ و خارمریم به‌ترتیب 124.2 و 141.4 درصد بود. همچنین نتایج نشان دادند که افزایش تراکم خارمریم تا 16 بوته در مترمربع بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد هر دو گیاه تأثیر منفی گذاشت. به‌طورکلی، گلرنگ در سطوح کمتر کود پتاسیم از توانایی جذب پتاسیم بالاتری نسبت به علف هرز خارمریم برخوردار بود و مصرف مقادیر بیشتر پتاسیم سولفات بیشتر به‌نفع خارمریم بود، بنابراین تنظیم میزان مصرف کود باید در مدیریت کوددهی در مزارع گلرنگ مورد توجه قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تعداد طبق

تغذیه گیاهی

مصرف لوکس

وزن دانه

وزن طبق

موضوعات

• عملکرد گیاهان زراعی

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Authors retain the copyright. This is an open access article distributed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)

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